Frequently Asked Asked Questions

GENERAL QUESTION

Avia Home Care provides services across various healthcare needs including home care, skilled nursing, specialty care, rehabilitation care, and home hospice care. Our comprehensive approach is crucial to the future of our success and optimization of our client's health and wellness. Here's how such a company might structure its services and care plan:

  1. Home Care Services:

    • Personal care assistance with activities of daily living (ADLs) such as bathing, grooming, dressing, toileting, and mobility assistance.
    • Meal preparation, feeding assistance, and medication reminders.
    • Light housekeeping and companionship.
    • Transportation assistance for medical appointments and errands.

  2. Skilled Nursing Services:

    • Assessment and monitoring of the individual's health condition.
    • Medication management and administration.
    • Wound care and dressing changes.
    • Management of chronic conditions such as diabetes, heart disease, or respiratory disorders.

  3. Specialty Care Services:

    • Management of specialized medical conditions by trained healthcare professionals.
    • Coordination with specialists for comprehensive care.
    • Specialized treatments or procedures as required by the individual's condition.

  4. Rehabilitation Care Services:

  5. Home Hospice Care Services:

    • Palliative care focused on pain and symptom management for individuals with terminal illnesses.
    • Emotional and spiritual support for both the individual and their family members.
    • Assistance with activities of daily living and personal care to enhance comfort and dignity.
    • Bereavement support for family members.

The care plan developed by Avia Home Care would be customized for each individual based on their specific needs, preferences, and goals. It will involve input from the individual, their family members or caregivers, and healthcare professionals. Regular assessments and reviews will ensure that the care plan remains relevant and effective, with adjustments made as necessary to provide optimal care and support across the spectrum of home-based healthcare services.

When Avia Home Care selects caregivers, therapists, registered nurses (RNs), and certified nursing assistants (CNAs) to provide services across home care, skilled nursing, specialty care, rehabilitation care, and home hospice care, we typically follow a rigorous process to ensure the quality and suitability of our staff. Here's an overview of how this process is structured:

  1. Recruitment and Screening:

    • The Avia Home Care advertises job openings and actively recruits candidates with relevant qualifications and experience.
    • Applicants are screened based on their education, training, certifications, licensure (if applicable), work experience, and professional references.

  2. Credential Verification:

    • Avia Home Care verifies the credentials of applicants, including their licenses, certifications, and educational qualifications.
    • Background checks, including criminal background checks and reference checks, are conducted to ensure the safety and well-being of clients.

  3. Orientation and Training:

    • Selected caregivers, therapists, RNs, and CNAs undergo orientation and training programs to familiarize them with the company's policies, procedures, and quality standards.
    • Training may include topics such as infection control, safety protocols, communication skills, cultural competence, and specific skills related to the type of care they will be providing.

  4. Skill Assessment:

    • Caregivers, therapists, RNs, and CNAs may undergo skill assessments to evaluate their proficiency in areas relevant to the services they will be providing.
    • This may include clinical skills assessments for nurses and CNAs, as well as practical demonstrations of caregiving and therapy skills.

  5. Matching Caregivers to Clients:

    • Caregivers, therapists, RNs, and CNAs are matched with clients based on their skills, experience, personality, and compatibility with the client's needs and preferences.
    • The home care company takes into account factors such as language proficiency, cultural competence, and special training or certifications when matching caregivers and therapists with clients.

  6. Supervision and Support:

    • Once deployed to provide care, caregivers, therapists, RNs, and CNAs receive ongoing supervision, guidance, and support from the home care company.
    • Supervisors may conduct regular check-ins, performance evaluations, and continuing education sessions to ensure that staff members are providing high-quality care.

By following a comprehensive recruitment, screening, training, and supervision process, Avia Home Care ensures that caregivers, therapists, RNs, and CNAs are well-equipped to provide a wide range of home-based healthcare services with professionalism, compassion, and competence across home care, skilled nursing, specialty care, rehabilitation care, and home hospice care.

Avia Home Care offers services that can be arranged to provide care 24 hours a day, seven days a week, depending on the needs and preferences of the individuals receiving care.

These services typically involve scheduling shifts for caregivers, nurses, therapists, and other healthcare professionals to ensure continuous coverage and support for clients who require around-the-clock care. We also provide on-call services for urgent situations outside of regular business hours.

If you're inquiring about the availability of specific service, I recommend reaching out to us directly to inquire about scheduling options and availability for providing a particular care 24/7.

Yes, private duty nurses are part of our team of healthcare professionals. These nurses work closely with other caregivers, therapists, and healthcare providers to develop and implement individualized care plans tailored to meet the specific needs of each client.

A care plan for home care, skilled nursing, and rehabilitation therapy would be a detailed document outlining the specific care and support needed for an individual receiving these services in their home or a healthcare facility. Here's how each component might be addressed in the care plan:

  1. Home Care:

    • Assessment of the individual's home environment for safety and accessibility.
    • Identification of activities of daily living (ADLs) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) that the individual needs assistance with, such as bathing, dressing, meal preparation, medication management, and transportation.
    • Schedule of visits by home care aides or nurses, including the frequency and duration of visits.
    • Plan for coordination with other healthcare providers involved in the individual's care, such as physicians, therapists, and social workers.
    • Emergency procedures and contact information for family members or caregivers.

  2. Skilled Nursing:

    • Assessment of the individual's medical condition, including any diagnoses, medications, treatments, and necessary equipment.
    • Nursing interventions, such as wound care, medication administration, monitoring of vital signs, and management of chronic conditions.
    • Education for the individual and their family members or caregivers on managing the individual's health condition and preventing complications.
    • Collaboration with other members of the healthcare team to ensure coordinated care.

  3. Rehabilitation Therapy:

    • Evaluation of the individual's functional status and rehabilitation goals, such as improving mobility, strength, coordination, balance, and activities of daily living.
    • Plan for physical therapy (PT), occupational therapy, and/or speech therapy sessions, including the frequency, duration, and specific interventions.
    • Home exercise program and recommendations for adaptive equipment or modifications to support independence and safety.
    • Progress monitoring and adjustment of therapy goals based on the individual's response to treatment.

The care plan for home care, skilled nursing, and rehabilitation therapy should be developed collaboratively by a team of healthcare professionals, including physicians, nurses, therapists, and other specialists, in consultation with the individual and their family members or caregivers. It should be regularly reviewed and updated to ensure that it remains effective in meeting the individual's evolving needs and goals.

Home Care

Companion care refers to non-medical assistance and support provided to individuals who require help with daily tasks, social interaction, and companionship. It is often provided by caregivers or companions to seniors, individuals with disabilities, or those recovering from illness or surgery.

Companion care is beneficial for seniors who may be living alone and require assistance with daily tasks, individuals with disabilities who need support to maintain independence, those recovering from surgery or illness who need temporary assistance, and anyone who may feel isolated and in need of companionship.

Companion care services can vary depending on the individual's needs, but they often include assistance with activities of daily living (ADLs) such as meal preparation, light housekeeping, transportation, medication reminders, companionship, and engaging in social activities.

Companion care focuses on non-medical support and companionship, while home health care involves skilled medical services provided by licensed professionals such as nurses or therapists. Companion care is generally more focused on emotional support, socialization, and assistance with daily activities rather than medical treatment.

Companion care focuses on providing emotional support, companionship, and assistance with non-medical tasks to promote social engagement, mental stimulation, and overall well-being. Unlike personal care services, companion care does not include assistance with activities of daily living such as bathing or dressing.

Companion care services provide opportunities for socialization, companionship, and meaningful interaction, which can help combat feelings of isolation and loneliness. Our caregivers offer emotional support, engage clients in conversation and activities, and accompany them on outings or social events to promote social engagement and well-being.

Companion care services may include a wide range of non-medical activities and tasks, such as conversation, reading, playing games, going for walks, attending cultural or recreational events, and participating in hobbies or interests. Our caregivers tailor activities to the individual's preferences and interests to ensure an enjoyable and fulfilling experience.

Yes, companion care services can be provided on a part-time or full-time basis, depending on the individual's needs and preferences. Whether you require occasional companionship and assistance with tasks or ongoing support throughout the day, we can accommodate your schedule and provide the level of care that meets your specific requirements.

We take great care in matching caregivers with clients based on factors such as personality, interests, and compatibility. During the initial consultation, we'll gather information about your preferences and expectations for companion care. We'll then select a caregiver whose personality and interests align with yours, ensuring a positive and harmonious caregiving relationship.

Companion care services can complement other types of home care or medical services by providing additional emotional support, social engagement, and companionship. Our caregivers work collaboratively with other care providers to ensure continuity of care and address the holistic needs of the individual, promoting overall well-being and quality of life.

Specialty care refers to medical care that focuses on a specific area of medicine or a particular health condition. It involves the diagnosis, treatment, and management of complex or specialized health issues that may require the expertise of healthcare providers with advanced training in a specific field.

We offer a range of specialty care services, including but not limited to:

  • Alzheimer's and dementia care
  • Parkinson's care
  • Post-surgery care
  • Stroke recovery care
  • Palliative care
  • Chronic disease management
  • Wound care
  • Ventilator care
  • Pediatric care
  • And more, depending on the specific needs of our clients.

Yes, we collaborate closely with healthcare professionals, including physicians, nurses, therapists, and other specialists involved in the client's care. We believe in a multidisciplinary approach to care and ensure seamless coordination and communication among all members of the care team to achieve the best possible outcomes for our clients.

Our caregivers undergo specialized training and certification to provide quality specialty care services. They have experience and expertise in their respective fields and are equipped to handle the unique challenges associated with caring for individuals with complex health conditions.

To get started with specialty care services, simply contact our office to schedule a consultation. During the consultation, we will assess your needs, discuss available services, develop a personalized care plan, and coordinate the initiation of care based on your preferences and schedule.

Specialty care services are specifically tailored to meet the unique needs of individuals with specific medical conditions or challenges. Our caregivers undergo specialized training and education to provide competent and compassionate care for conditions such as cancer recovery, heart disease prevention, neurological disorders, and more.

Our caregivers undergo specialized training and education to ensure they are equipped with the necessary skills and competencies to provide high-quality specialty care services. They receive training in areas such as disease management, symptom recognition, medication management, and specialized care techniques to meet the unique needs of each individual.

Yes, our specialty care services are highly customizable and flexible to adapt to changing medical needs or treatment plans. Whether you require assistance during recovery from surgery or treatment, ongoing monitoring of chronic conditions, or support with symptom management, we can adjust our services to meet your evolving requirements.

Our specialty care services address a wide range of medical conditions and challenges, including but not limited to cancer recovery, heart disease prevention, hypertension, stroke, neuro-muscular disorders, osteoarthritis, traumatic brain injury, Alzheimer's, dementia, cognitive changes, and diabetes care. We tailor our services to meet the specific needs and preferences of each individual.

We work closely with healthcare professionals, including physicians, nurses, therapists, and specialists, to ensure continuity of care for individuals receiving specialty care services. We communicate regularly with healthcare providers to coordinate care plans, share important information, and address any changes or concerns in the individual's condition or treatment.

Yes, our specialty care services can be integrated with other types of home care services to provide comprehensive support for individuals with complex medical needs or challenges. Whether you require assistance with personal care, medication management, or companionship in addition to specialty care, we can develop a customized care plan that addresses all of your needs.

Respite care is an excellent way to ensure your elderly family members have the support they need. At Enriched Life Home Care Services, we provide these services to relieve some of the stress put on family caregivers.

 

A member of our team will visit your home and care for your loved one while you take a much-needed break. The exhaustion associated with full-time caregiving is real, and we strive to offer the essential respite care services you need to maintain your physical and mental health.

Emergency respite care for the elderly should be available whenever you need extra support. However, we know it can be difficult to put your loved one in someone else’s hands. We understand your commitment to being a caregiver, but you must look after your needs as well.

 

Respite care may be necessary for the following situations:

 

  • The stress is adversely affecting your daily life
  • Your loved one feels isolated
  • You want to spend more time with family and friends
  • Your loved one needs professional caregivers to address health and emotional concerns

Many respite care providers have additional certification in the field. These certification programs might focus on care standards, administering proper care, and in-home caregiving.

 

At Enriched Life Home Care, we’re committed to hiring experienced staff with the compassion and expertise to carry out all job duties.

While hospice patients may also need respite care, the two are not the same. At a respite care facility for the elderly, caregivers provide short-term relief for family members responsible for the patient.

 

Rather than a long-term solution, respite care gives full-time caregivers the chance to relax before continuing their care duties. Hospice care, on the other hand, includes long-term support for a person who can no longer look after themselves.

 

Unlike respite care, hospice care is a more permanent solution and involves round-the-clock access to services.

You deserve a break. Regardless of how much you love your elderly family member, full-time caregiving can weigh on you physically and mentally. Our respite care services provide a chance for you to look after your own needs.

 

At Enriched Life Home Care Services, we want you to make the most out of respite care. Here are our tips for enjoying your time off:

 

  •  Anticipate Your Needs - Don’t wait until you’re exhausted to schedule time for a break. Pre-plan respite time so you can avoid the breakdown and better relax during your time off.
  •  Put Guilt in Perspective - Many caregivers feel guilty for entrusting their loved ones to respite care. If you’re dealing with these feelings, be sure to put them in context. Failing to take a break could make you less able to properly care for your loved one in the long run. Plus, our caregivers are experienced with respite care and dedicated to providing premier services.
  •  Spend Your Time on You - Make sure to use this time to rejuvenate. Perhaps you want to pre-plan your activities so that you don’t get stuck taking on more responsibility. You could schedule a time to exercise, visit your favorite boutique, or even take a nap!

Although respite care often takes place in the comfort of your own home, you’ll still want to consider the community and culture that each facility fosters. While everyone will have a slightly different priority list, be sure to look for signs of top-quality care.

 

Below, you’ll find some aspects of respite care to consider:

 

  • Accreditation of the facility
  • Attitudes of the staff
  • List of services provided
  • Level of supervision for caregivers
  • General atmosphere and feeling you get when you visit each facility

Respite care offers temporary relief for primary caregivers, ranging from a single afternoon to multiple days or weeks. This care can be arranged in various settings, such as the patient's home, a healthcare facility, or an adult day center.

 

Designed as short-term and predetermined breaks, respite programs assist families and other unpaid caregivers of disabled or cognitively-impaired children and adults in maintaining the primary caregiving relationship. Moreover, respite care provides a beneficial experience for the recipient of care.

Although it may appear evident to your loved ones and even to yourself that you require a break from the physical and emotional strains of caregiving, seeking assistance is not always a straightforward task.

 

Here are some actions you can take to overcome challenges and obstacles in obtaining respite care:

 

  • Maintain multiple relationships is vital
  • Nothing wrong or abnormal about needing a break
  • Short-term break care or respite care can be educating
  • Get back to your hobbies
  • Understand in order to optimize the respite care experience plan and select a knowledgeable home care agency

Respite care offers a dependable and trustworthy source of caregiving that can attend to all your loved one's needs, allowing you to: 

 

  • Take a well-deserved break while avoiding caregiver stress and exhaustion
  • Rest assured that your loved one's care requirements are being met
  • Devote time to reconnecting with friends and family, fostering other meaningful relationships.

Personal care in home care refers to assistance with activities of daily living (ADLs) and tasks related to personal hygiene, grooming, and mobility. It is designed to help individuals maintain their independence and dignity while receiving support with essential daily activities.

We offer a range of personal care services to support our clients' daily living needs, including but not limited to:

  • Assistance with bathing, grooming, and dressing
  • Toileting and incontinence care
  • Mobility assistance and transferring
  • Oral hygiene and dental care
  • Skin and nail care
  • Assistance with medication reminders
  • Monitoring of vital signs and health status

Personal care services are beneficial for individuals who may have difficulty performing activities of daily living independently due to aging, disability, injury, illness, or cognitive impairment. Our services are tailored to meet the unique needs of each client and provide the necessary support to enhance their quality of life and well-being.

Wellness focuses on promoting and maintaining the overall health and well-being of individuals through preventive measures, lifestyle modifications, and health education. It aims to optimize physical, mental, and emotional health to enhance quality of life and independence.

We offer a range of wellness services designed to support holistic health and well-being, including but not limited to:

  • Health screenings and assessments
  • Nutrition and meal planning
  • Exercise and physical activity programs
  • Medication management and adherence support
  • Chronic disease management and education
  • Stress management and relaxation techniques
  • Fall prevention and safety evaluations
  • Mental health and cognitive stimulation activities
  • Socialization and community engagement programs

Wellness services focus on preventive measures and lifestyle interventions to promote overall health and well-being, whereas medical services involve the diagnosis, treatment, and management of specific health conditions. While wellness services may complement medical care, they are not intended to replace medical treatment or interventions prescribed by healthcare professionals.

At Avia Home Care, we see those looking to improve their overall health and well-being benefit from wellness services. Our services are particularly beneficial for older adults, individuals with chronic health conditions, those recovering from illness or surgery, and anyone interested in proactive health management and preventive care.

Wellness services may not be covered by insurance in the same way that medical services are, but some insurance plans or health savings accounts (HSAs) may offer reimbursement for certain wellness services. We also offer flexible payment options and can work with you to explore alternative funding sources to make wellness services more accessible and affordable.

SKILLED NURSING

Avia Home Care offers comprehensive catheter and ostomy care services provided by skilled nursing professionals. These services include catheter maintenance, urinary drainage bag management, ostomy pouching and changing, skin care management, and patient education on catheter and ostomy care.

Our skilled nursing team conducts thorough assessments of each patient's catheter and ostomy care needs, including catheter type, drainage requirements, stoma condition, and any underlying medical conditions. Based on these assessments, personalized catheter and ostomy care plans are developed to ensure effective management and support.

Our skilled nursing professionals are licensed and certified healthcare professionals with specialized training and experience in catheter and ostomy care management. They undergo continuous education and training to stay updated on the latest catheter and ostomy care techniques and best practices.

The frequency of skilled nursing visits for catheter and ostomy care services varies depending on the individual needs of each patient and the complexity of their catheter and ostomy care regimen. Our team works closely with patients and their healthcare providers to develop a customized visit schedule that ensures effective catheter and ostomy care management.

Yes, our skilled nursing team is trained and equipped to provide specialized catheter and ostomy care services, including assistance with troubleshooting catheter issues, managing peristomal skin complications, and other advanced catheter and ostomy care techniques. We work closely with patients and their healthcare providers to ensure continuity of care and effective management of specialized catheter and ostomy care needs.

Our home care company offers comprehensive gastrostomy care services provided by skilled nursing professionals. These services include gastrostomy tube maintenance, feeding pump setup and management, stoma care, medication administration (if applicable), and patient education on gastrostomy care and feeding.

Our skilled nursing team conducts thorough assessments of each patient's gastrostomy care needs, including stoma condition, feeding requirements, medication regimen (if applicable), and any underlying medical conditions. Based on these assessments, personalized gastrostomy care plans are developed to ensure optimal feeding and stoma management.

Our skilled nursing professionals are licensed and certified healthcare professionals with specialized training and experience in gastrostomy care management. They undergo continuous education and training to stay updated on the latest gastrostomy care techniques and best practices.

The frequency of skilled nursing visits for gastrostomy care services varies depending on the individual needs of each patient and the complexity of their gastrostomy care regimen. Our team works closely with patients and their healthcare providers to develop a customized visit schedule that ensures effective gastrostomy care management.

Yes, our skilled nursing team is trained and equipped to provide specialized gastrostomy care services, including assistance with tube replacement, troubleshooting feeding pump issues, and other advanced gastrostomy care techniques. We work closely with patients and their healthcare providers to ensure continuity of care and effective management of specialized gastrostomy care needs.

Avia Home Care offers comprehensive incontinence care services provided by skilled nursing professionals. These services include incontinence assessments, personalized toileting schedules, skin care management, catheter care (if applicable), and patient education on incontinence management and prevention.

As you age, changes in the body can make elderly urinary incontinence more likely. One out of two women older than 65 experience bladder leakage sometimes, according to the Urology Care Foundation.

It can be caused by typical aging, lifestyle choices, or a range of health conditions.

Our skilled nursing team conducts thorough assessments of each patient's incontinence care needs, including type and severity of incontinence, mobility status, and any underlying medical conditions. Based on these assessments, personalized incontinence care plans are developed to ensure effective management and support.

Our skilled nursing professionals are licensed and certified healthcare professionals with specialized training and experience in incontinence care management. They undergo continuous education and training to stay updated on the latest incontinence care techniques and best practices.

The frequency of skilled nursing visits for incontinence care services varies depending on the individual needs of each patient and the complexity of their incontinence care regimen. Our team works closely with patients and their healthcare providers to develop a customized visit schedule that ensures effective incontinence care management.

Yes, our skilled nursing team is trained and equipped to provide specialized incontinence care services, including assistance with bowel management programs and other advanced incontinence care techniques. We work closely with patients and their healthcare providers to ensure continuity of care and effective management of specialized incontinence care needs.

Avia Home Care offers comprehensive oxygen therapy services provided by skilled nursing professionals. These services include oxygen assessment, equipment setup and maintenance, oxygen administration, patient education on oxygen therapy, and ongoing monitoring of oxygen levels.

Our skilled nursing team conducts thorough assessments of each patient's oxygen needs, including oxygen saturation levels, respiratory status, and any underlying medical conditions. Based on these assessments, personalized oxygen therapy care plans are developed to ensure optimal oxygen delivery and management.

Our skilled nursing professionals are licensed and certified healthcare professionals with specialized training and experience in oxygen therapy management. They undergo continuous education and training to stay updated on the latest oxygen therapy techniques and best practices.

The frequency of skilled nursing visits for oxygen therapy services varies depending on the individual needs of each patient and the complexity of their condition. Our team works closely with patients and their healthcare providers to develop a customized visit schedule that ensures effective oxygen therapy management.

Yes, our skilled nursing team is trained and equipped to provide specialized oxygen therapy services, including assistance with portable oxygen concentrators, liquid oxygen systems, and other advanced oxygen delivery devices. We work closely with patients and their healthcare providers to ensure continuity of care and effective management of specialized oxygen therapy needs.

Our home care company offers comprehensive tracheostomy care services provided by skilled nursing professionals. These services include tracheostomy tube changes, stoma care, suctioning, tracheostomy dressing changes, and patient education on tracheostomy care and safety.

Our skilled nursing team conducts thorough assessments of each patient's tracheostomy care needs, including stoma condition, secretion management, and any underlying medical conditions. Based on these assessments, personalized tracheostomy care plans are developed to ensure optimal stoma and airway management.

Our skilled nursing professionals are licensed and certified healthcare professionals with specialized training and experience in tracheostomy care management. They undergo continuous education and training to stay updated on the latest tracheostomy care techniques and best practices.

The frequency of skilled nursing visits for tracheostomy care services varies depending on the individual needs of each patient and the complexity of their tracheostomy care regimen. Our team works closely with patients and their healthcare providers to develop a customized visit schedule that ensures effective tracheostomy care management.

Yes, our skilled nursing team is trained and equipped to provide specialized tracheostomy care services, including assistance with fenestrated tracheostomy tubes, speaking valves, and other advanced tracheostomy care techniques. We work closely with patients and their healthcare providers to ensure continuity of care and effective management of specialized tracheostomy care needs.

Avia Home Care offers comprehensive ventilator care services provided by skilled nursing professionals. These services include ventilator setup and management, respiratory assessments, suctioning, tracheostomy care, ventilator weaning support, and patient education on ventilator use and safety.

Our skilled nursing team conducts thorough assessments of each patient's ventilator needs, including respiratory status, ventilator settings, and any underlying medical conditions. Based on these assessments, personalized ventilator care plans are developed to ensure optimal respiratory support and management.

Our skilled nursing professionals are licensed and certified healthcare professionals with specialized training and experience in ventilator care management. They undergo continuous education and training to stay updated on the latest ventilator care techniques and best practices.

The frequency of skilled nursing visits for ventilator care services varies depending on the individual needs of each patient and the complexity of their condition. Our team works closely with patients and their healthcare providers to develop a customized visit schedule that ensures effective ventilator management.

Yes, our skilled nursing team is trained and equipped to provide specialized ventilator care services, including assistance with invasive and non-invasive ventilation techniques. We work closely with patients and their healthcare providers to ensure continuity of care and effective management of specialized ventilator care needs.

Avia Home Care offers a comprehensive range of wound care services provided by skilled nursing professionals. These services include wound assessment, dressing changes, wound cleansing, infection management, and patient education on wound care practices.

Our skilled nursing team conducts thorough assessments of each patient's wound, considering factors such as wound type, size, location, and any underlying medical conditions. Based on these assessments, personalized wound care plans are developed to address the specific needs of each patient.

Avia Home Care employs skilled nursing professionals who are licensed and certified healthcare professionals with extensive training and experience in wound care management. They undergo continuous education and training to stay updated on the latest wound care techniques and best practices.

The frequency of skilled nursing visits for wound care services varies depending on the individual needs of each patient and the complexity of the wound. Our team works closely with patients and their healthcare providers to develop a customized visit schedule that ensures optimal wound healing and management.

Yes, our skilled nursing team is trained and equipped to provide specialized wound care services, including ostomy care, wound vac therapy, and other advanced wound care techniques. We work closely with patients and their healthcare providers to ensure continuity of care and effective management of specialized wound care needs.

REHAB THERAPHY

OCCUPATIONAL THERAPHY

You will need a prescription for therapy from your doctor if you would like your insurance billed. You will need a referral if your insurance plan requires one.

 

On your first visit, you need to bring your prescription, your referral (if needed), your insurance card(s) and a government issued identification.
  • Patient's name
  • Contact phone number
  • Physician's full name
  • Insurance company name / type of insurance

We are open Monday through Friday 8:00 A.M. to 6:00 P.M.

We do send your doctor our initial evaluation and periodic progress reports on your recovery.

 

If any issues arise during the duration of therapy, our office will contact your doctor directly.

Every patient’s condition is unique. We provide treatment for patients immediately after an operation to manage open or sutured wounds, control hypertrophic/raised scars, and/or to reduce swelling. We can custom fabricate orthotic devices in our office, to help prevent further injuries or correct existing conditions. We help our patients manage their pain, de-sensitize injured tissues, and implement a customized regimen of exercises tailored to each patient.

The goal of our therapists is to help patients recover the use of their hands, or other areas of the upper extremity. We get to know the unique needs of each of our patients, including any issues relating to pain.

 

We strongly encourage patients to engage in an open discussion with their treating therapist, with any concerns regarding pain, levels of discomfort, or treatment as a whole. We focus on goals that will aid in patient recovery, allowing us to achieve a balance between discomfort and healing.

The amount of time you spend in therapy depends entirely on your individual condition. Some of our patients require only a few visits, while other patients can require several months of therapy.

 

On your first visit we will evaluate your condition and outline your specific program. Recovery begins at your first visit.

Treatment sessions are tailored to each individual and may be scheduled two to three times each week.

 

Session duration and frequency may change over time, but this is based entirely on your specific condition and the progress you make in recovery.

On average, your first session, which includes your initial evaluation, will last 1 - 1.5 hours. Subsequent visits average 45 minutes to 1 hour. These averages may change based on the nature and severity of your condition.

We encourage each patient to be involved in every aspect of their recovery - from learning and understanding about their condition, to setting personal goals within therapy. Your home exercise program is as important as your office visits.

 

If questions come up during your home exercise program, please call us directly so we can provide the necessary help between therapy sessions.

A patient may be given a customized regimen of exercises to be performed each day outside of office treatment, depending on the characteristics of their condition.

 

Successful therapy requires measured, and often frequent, use of your hands or other areas of the upper extremity.

 

This portion of your therapy is discussed, and often practiced at length in your treatment sessions.

Recovery can affect your entire household, as normal activities and behaviors can be altered during the process. This being the case, many of our patients find it helpful to involve family members in their recovery.

 

As every condition and patient situation is different, this is entirely up to you. We are happy to discuss ways to involve your family.

 

SPEECH THERAPHY

All children, with and without hearing loss, develop speech sounds (called phonemes) gradually.  HERE is a chart with norms for reference.  Some sounds, like /p, b, m/, come earlier, and others, like /r, z/, come later.  

 

In fact, it is perfectly within normal limits for a child with intact hearing and no other issues to continue to struggle with some of the harder sounds (sh, th, etc.) and not have mastered them until around age eight.  (Here is a good book, The Late Eight, that discusses these later-developing sounds.)  

 

Norms vary for speakers of other languages, and some sounds are present in one language but not in another (for example, /p/ does not exist in Arabic, so even adult speakers of that language may have difficulty distinguishing /p/ from /b/ if they learn English).

 

Children with typical hearing learn to produce speech sounds by listening to the speech around them and experimenting with their voices (vocal play, or babble) to try to replicate them.  At first, children produce sounds by “accident” — they’re just babbling.  Slowly, they learn that these sounds can combine to make words that have meaning, and they become more accurate at imitating the adult models they hear.

 

For children with hearing loss, we need to give them time to make up for the hearing and vocal play opportunities they missed as babies.  Remember, even if a child is amplified early, typically hearing children develop their auditory sense twenty weeks before they’re even born, so we have some catching up to do!

 

In general, for children with hearing loss, I like to look at hearing age when considering the child’s speech sound production.  If a four-year-old child has just received CIs, I would not expect to hear four-year-old sounds.  Rather, I would start from the beginning.  

Though it can be tempting to jump the gun and expect the child to produce age-appropriate phonemes, it’s important to remember that speech sounds develop in sequence for a reason.  Learning early sounds first builds the basis for the production of later, more complicated sounds.  Don’t cheat your child’s brain out of a strong foundation.

First of all, it’s in extremely poor taste to comment on another person’s speech or accent unless you’re the clinician they’ve hired to help them.  I understand that this is a question many people have, but please, please don’t ask it to the person with hearing loss’s face or discuss it with others behind their back.  After all, when’s the last time you learned how to talk without hearing?

 

Ultimately, we only speak as well as we hear.  With good access to the sounds of speech from the beginning, and auditory verbal therapy, people with hearing loss can learn to speak naturally and without articulation errors.  When people with hearing loss do not have good access to sound or appropriate intervention, or they get started too late with either of those components, speech quality can suffer.  

 

But here’s a secret I’ll tell you as a Listening and Spoken Language Specialist: I don’t worry about vocal quality.  With appropriate technology and intervention in place, barring other issues, it will come.  In terms of cognitive, social, and academic success, language is more important anyway.

Auditory Verbal Therapy is specialized for children with hearing loss because it focuses on growing speech skills naturally through hearing and training parents to be their children’s first and best teachers. 

 

 For children with hearing loss, not just any SLP will do.

Typically hearing babies learn speech through listening, not through looking.  With appropriate hearing technology, children with hearing loss can do the same.  Learning to speak through listening leads to more natural speech production that lasts.  

 

HERE is more information on why lipreading (and therefore, learning to talk by looking) doesn’t work.

When a child has a consistent pattern of errors, that is, their mistakes seem to follow a “rule” (like, “I always leave off the last sound in words” or “I always make sounds from the front of my mouth like /t/ instead of the back of my mouth like /k/”), we call it a phonological process.  

 

For these mistakes, as with all mistakes in children with hearing loss, suspect hearing first.  If the child does not have good access to sound, the ends of words can be inaudible, or soft sounds like /t/ get missed entirely.  

 

Of course you wouldn’t say it if you couldn’t hear it!  Eminent Auditory Verbal Therapist and author of Speech and the Hearing Impaired Child, Dr. Daniel Ling, includes in his book a list of perception errors that are often confused with phonological processes.  

Babble is the practice that we do to come to speech on our own through a process of trial and error.  Babies are incredible little scientists, playing around with their articulators (teeth, lips, tongue, etc.) and figuring out cause and effect (“Oh!  When I do this it makes a funny sound.”  “Oh!  I made that cool sound by accident.

 

 I wonder how I could do it again.”  “When I say it this way, it sounds more like Mom and people understand me.  I guess that’s how I’m supposed to say it.” etc.)  Without calling it formal “practice” or anyone ever teaching the baby anything, he learns to manipulate his articulators and builds his auditory feedback loop (the ability to listen to, monitor, and change his own speech).  

 

Babble progresses through stages of increasing complexity, from cooing/gooing (those baby oohs and aahs), to reduplicated babble (strings of the same sound, like “babababa”), to variegated babble (strings of a variety of vowels and consonants, like “bagidagu”), to jargon (a mixture of babble and some true words, like “Mommy, doggie bagadu”).

 

Given access to sound and a supportive listening and spoken language environment, children with hearing loss can have these important foundational babble experiences, too.

To answer this question, it is important to consider the age of the child.  Even for hearing children, it is normal to go through stages of baby babble before speaking words clearly.  As discussed above, there is also a sequence of speech sound development, so young children may not “have” all of the sounds they need to speak words clearly at a young age, and substitute others instead.  

 

This is completely developmentally appropriate.  A child’s “first true word” is really the first consistent label-object association he makes, whether or not the word is a perfect model of adult speech.  For example, if the child consistently calls the family dog, Barney, “Baba,” and uses that word to mean only Barney and nothing else, then that’s a true word for that child.

 

Would anyone outside the family understand it?  Probably not.  But the child has made a crucial connection that sounds/words are used to label specific things.  As children’s articulation and language skills grow and develop, they become easier to understand.  As a general rule of thumb, we aim for a child to be 80% intelligible (understandable) to an unfamiliar listener at age three.

This question comes up all the time, but what does the research really say?  While it’s tempting to see a child with hearing loss struggling with speech despite all our best efforts and label it “apraxia” in an effort to explain/exonerate/reassure ourselves, the research shows us that childhood/developmental apraxia of speech is grossly over diagnosed, to the tune of about 75% of cases being false positives.  

 

Why is this?  Partially, I think it’s the human tendency to look for answers.  Another factor could be that the majority of people who work with children with hearing loss still have an under-appreciation for the importance of audition and neural pathway development and rely instead on outdated information and methodologies.

 Always suspect hearing first.  

 

Finally, my theory is that we may be causing some of this problem ourselves:  Apraxia is characterized by “groping” movements of the mouth (e.g. the child aims to say a sound but his articulators are all over the place, missing the mark)… this may be an imitation of the exaggerated mouth movements that some parents and professionals mistakenly use, thinking that speaking in this manner will improve the child’s understanding and articulation (it won’t, and here’s why).  

 

We may also be seeing difficulties in articulation in children with hearing loss when we haven’t given them adequate time for listening and vocal play experience before launching into trying to get them to imitate words.  Regardless of chronological age, we need to give some time for auditory experience first.

 

Yes, there are certainly children out there who truly do have apraxia, and yes, some of those children might have hearing loss.  But, given the general over-diagnosis of apraxia in general combined with the tendency I see for professionals to use “apraxia” as code for “what I’m doing isn’t working, so…”, I am extremely cautious to come to this conclusion.  

 

Even scarier, to me, is the fact that once people get in their heads that a child has apraxia, the next common “wisdom” seems to be that Oral Motor Therapy is the next “logical” conclusion.

Parents continue to be told that non-speech exercises, like blowing a feather, smacking the lips together, holding up a cheerio with the tongue, etc., will lead to improvements in speech production because the child’s articulators are “weak” or “uncoordinated.”  

 

Let’s unpack this for a minute.  First of all, if you want speech, you practice speech.  If you wanted to be a basketball player, you wouldn’t practice moving your hands in the motion of dribbling without using an actual ball and think it would improve your skills.  You’d just be waving your hand back and forth at the ground.  

 

Secondly, the amount of strength and flexibility required for articulation is really, really low.  We call it the “50% Rule” — that is, if 50% of a structure is intact, you should be able to produce the sound.  This is why people who have had partial glossectomies (tongue removal, usually due to cancer), or lost a few teeth, or are elderly and very weak, are still able to speak.  You’re not lifting weights with your tongue.

 

Thirdly, even if great strength were required for speech (and it’s not), you gain strength by working against resistance until the point of failure (basic Workout 101 skill here).  Puffing your cheeks and licking your lips isn’t doing this.

 

So why do NSOMEs persist and why are parents constantly being suggested that they might just be the cure for what ails their children?  Sadly, it’s all about supply and demand.  Companies and ill-informed (and/or unethical) professionals continue to make money hand over fist providing these services because parents who don’t know any better are desperate for anything to help their children.  Parents who have already been through NSOME therapy may well believe that it has helped their children, but this is an anecdote about one child, not evidence.  

 

Given the current literature on the subject, it’s hard if not impossible to justify the use of NSOMEs, but it’s also hard if not impossible for us as humans to admit our mistakes.  Parents, upon finding out that they’ve been taken for a ride, feel justifiably hurt and defensive — they were just trying to do their best for their child!  Professionals, whether they used these exercises purposefully or inadvertently due to lack of knowledge, need to have the integrity to acknowledge their mistake, learn more, and change their ways.  But we’re human, it doesn’t always happen.  

 

It’s a lot easier to continue practicing the way you have for the past twenty years (and call your anecdotes of success “evidence” to justify it), than to face the evidence the harsh light of day.  Non-Speech Oral Motor Exercises to improve speech production are just not supported by evidence, and it’s frustrating to see how they continue to persist and be promoted, even at the highest levels of our profession.

Speech acoustics is the study of the acoustic (sound) properties of speech sounds (phonemes).  This chart shows were the different speech sounds fall relative to an audiogram of human hearing.  Note that some sounds appear twice on the chart.  

 

Why is this?  Sounds are made up of formants, different bands of energy that together are perceived as one sound (like a chord on a piano).  Speech acoustics analyzes the properties of each sound (where does it fall in terms of pitch and loudness) and relates that to a person’s articulation abilities.

 

 For example, if someone has aided hearing only through 3000Hz, it makes sense that they would have difficulty producing the /f/ sound because it is inaudible to them.  Likewise, many substitution mistakes that may be heard as articulation errors can, when viewed through the lens of speech acoustics, really be traced back to an issue with the hearing device’s programming, or a change in the person’s hearing status.  Remember, we only speak as well as we hear.

Listening and Spoken Language Specialists, whether they are SLPs by training or entered the certification route from some other profession (for example, teachers of the deaf and audiologists are also eligible to apply), undergo rigorous training and an exam that requires a thorough knowledge of spoken language communication and strategies for listening and spoken language development.  

 

They are eminently qualified to address articulation issues in children with hearing loss, especially because they have the expertise to address them with a rich background knowledge of speech acoustics and auditory development.  Some AVTs will address articulation within their sessions, and others will discharge to a general SLP if they feel the child has appropriate auditory skills but just needs some speech skill polishing.  

 

My preference, and my practice pattern, is to stick with the former option.  In the relatively rare cases where a child is caught up in all other areas except articulation by the time of discharge, I prefer to continue seeing that family for these goals because 1) they still need to be addressed from a place of listening first by someone who is listening-brain-oriented and 2) I believe that parent coaching is still critical to build lasting success with any skill, including articulation.

 

Auditory Verbal Therapy is more than just “listening skills,” and speech and articulation are certainly within the LSLS scope of practice.

Absolutely!  While it is important to have realistic expectations given your hearing and communication history, we only speak as well as we hear, so an improvement in in your hearing status can lead to improvements in your speech.

 

Having greater access to sound will give you a chance to build and refine your auditory feedback loop — the ability you have to hear yourself clearly and monitor and correct your own speech.  You’ll also be able to hear others more clearly, too, giving you better models.  

 

Some sounds, like f, s, or th, that you’ve never heard before (or never heard clearly) in your life, should be accessible to you with a cochlear implant.  Practice and therapy are key, but you may surprise yourself and your family and friends with the changes you see.  Who said you can’t teach and old dog new tricks?

The best way to know if your child needs therapy is to arrange an assessment with a speech language pathologist.

The assessment will be conducted in either of these two ways:

 

1.  Brief Screening - During a brief screening, the therapist will make observations of your child’s communication skills as well as obtain  background information from you. This takes approximately one hour.

If your concerns about your child are simple (e.g. "is my child stuttering?" or "does my child have a lisp?"), this is enough time for an experienced therapist to provide you with answers based on their observations.

However, if you have multiple or complex concerns (e.g. "does my child have a language delay and how severe is it?") this type of assessment will not be enough to obtain detailed results. 

 

2. Comprehensive Assessment -  During a comprehensive assessment, the therapist will gather background information from you and other sources such as your child’s classroom teacher.

The therapist will then make observations of your child’s communication skills. The therapist will also administer at least one norm-referenced, standardised assessment tool. 

These tools include established 'norm scores' reflecting what is expected from children at each age.
Comprehensive assessments usually take between two to four hours, and are often administered across more than one session.

 

The therapist will also write a report about your child’s communicative ability across all the areas assessed. A comprehensive assessment will provide you with a holistic and detailed understanding of your child’s communication skills.

The price for speech therapy in Bangkok ranges between 3,000 – 4,000 THB per hour. Some therapists may charge slightly less if you sign up for a package with them.

You should note that the above price estimate is not the same for assessments. The price for assessment sessions will depend on what type of assessment your child will receive (i.e. a comprehensive assessment or a screening), how much time is required to complete the assessment, as well as time required to write an assessment report.

A common misconception is that speech therapy is a ‘quick fix’, when in fact, it is a process which involves several steps. These steps include an assessment, goal setting, therapy, homework and follow-up sessions.

The duration of therapy required can’t be predicted accurately because it differs for each child. For instance, I have previously worked on the same goals with two children separately; while one child required only a few months of therapy, the other required therapy for over a year.

There are many factors which contribute to the duration of the therapy process including:


·        The types of communication areas requiring therapy
·        The number of communication areas requiring therapy
·        Your child’s ability to focus during sessions
·        Your child’s awareness and response to cues provided in sessions
·        The frequency of therapy sessions
·        The consistency of home practice

As therapy is an ongoing process, home practice should also be consistently ongoing. However, it is not practical to expect parents to complete hours of daily home practice.

 

I usually recommend 10 minutes of daily homework. Your child will benefit more from short but frequent home practice instead of long practice sessions.

Your role in the therapy process really depends on your own personal preference. However, as a parent, you should never underestimate the impact of your involvement.

Scientific research has even shown that some interventions lead to better outcomes when delivered by parents, compared to being delivered by a therapist.

Also, because no one knows your child better than you do, a therapist will always appreciate your input.
​
Your role in the therapy process can include:


· Referring your child for speech therapy services.


· Expressing what areas of your child’s communication you are concerned about. The therapist can then focus on these areas during the initial assessment.


· Collaborating with the therapist to develop goals. You can inform the therapist what you would like to prioritise in therapy. This can be broad such as the general area of therapy like speech sounds instead of stuttering, or very specific such as the production of ‘s’ and ‘z’ sounds.


· Being involved in therapy sessions. You can use the session time to practice doing what the therapist is doing with your child and as an opportunity to seek feedback about this.


· Asking any questions or voicing any concerns.


· Providing feedback regarding any progress which you have observed.


· Consistently completing home practice with your child.

Swallowing therapy helps to restore function of the muscles involved in swallowing. 

 

Improving the range of movement and strength of the muscles can increase the ability to clear food from the mouth and throat, as well as improve closure of the airway when swallowing. 

 

Therapy can be an integral part in achieving the ability to eat ta variety of foods and liquids as well as avoiding or reducing the use of alternative means of nutrition (feeding tubes). 

 

Improvement of the swallow can allow for a less restrictive diet, such as moving from thickened liquids (smoothie consistencies) back to thin liquids (i.e. water, juice). Restoring swallow function can lead to a more fulfilled lifestyle.

Yes, for any food consistency that the Speech- Language Pathologist has determined to be appropriate and safe.  

Oral-motor feeding impairments include decreased oral strength, range of motion, or coordination necessary for eating. Sensory-behavioral feeding impairments consist of deficits in oral sensitivity and avoidance behaviors. 

 

A child may exhibit a hyposensitive (reduced sensory) or hypersensitive (increased sensory) response to different food textures. Symptoms may include pooling of food in the mouth, poor chewing abilities, a sensitive gag reflex, or an aversion to the texture for touching or eating certain foods. 

 

Avoidance behaviors can range from mild (turning head) to severe (screaming, crying and refusing food).

PHYSCIAL THERAPHY

A therapist performs cupping by placing cups on the patient’s skin that create suction. Traditionally, the suction is created by putting a flammable substance in the cup, lighting it, then extinguishing the flame and turning the cup upside down on the skin.

 

As the warm air in the cup cools, it creates a vacuum effect, pulling the skin and tissue into the cup and increasing blood flow to the area. Cups are left in place for three to five minutes. Some modern therapists use a pump instead of fire to create the suction, but the effect is the same.

 

The maximum number of cups a therapist uses is usually between five and seven. For a first-time session, three to five cups are more typical, or even just one cup if the patient wants to first see how they will respond to the treatment.  

There are two common methods used for cupping:

 

Dry and wet.

Dry cupping is just as described above, while wet cupping involves another step. After removing the cup, the therapist makes tiny, shallow incisions on the skin and then replaces the cup for a second round of suction.

 

This draws some blood to the surface. The intent is to promote healing by releasing toxins and harmful substances from the body.

Cupping may be used as a complementary therapy to treat a medical condition or to promote relaxation and stress relief. These are some of the most common ailments that cupping has been used to treat:

 

  • Acne and eczema
  • Blood disorders like hemophilia or anemia  
  • Varicose veins
  • Migraines
  • Allergies and related respiratory issues like asthma
  • Depression and anxiety
  • Arthritis
  • Fibromyalgia

It is also used to achieve deep tissue massage, relieve pain and promote overall well-being. 

Cupping is considered a safe treatment, but patients may experience some side effects like mild discomfort, bruising and swelling at the site where the cups were placed.

 

A clean environment and a therapist trained in cupping can reduce the risk of any more serious complications like burns or skin infection. 

Cupping therapy involves placing cups, most commonly made of glass, but can also be made of bamboo or earthen materials. Flammable materials, such as essential oils or paper, are placed inside the cups, they’re ignited to heat the interior of the cups.

 

The flame is then extinguished and the cups are placed on strategic acupoints on the body – usually on the back and/or shoulders. 

When placed on the skin, the headed cups create a vacuum effect that pulls the skin away from the body, and thus the underlying muscles and connective tissues, improves blood flow to the areas where the cups are applied, and throughout the entire body, and helps to release and circulate stagnated toxins that are trapped in the tissues.

 

The increased blood flow and released toxins improve oxygenation, which promotes healing, reduces inflammation, and helps relax the muscles. 

Cupping can be used to treat a wide variety of ailments. Back cupping, for example, can help to loosen tight muscles and alleviate stiffness and pain in the upper and lower back. Cupping therapy can also be used to ease neck pain, as well as chronic pain conditions, such as fibromyalgia, and a whole host of other issues.

 

It can relieve migraines, reduce cholesterol levels, ease coughing, bronchial congestion, and asthma, ease the symptoms of anxiety and depression, improve varicose veins, minimize cellulite and stretch marks, improve digestion and relieve constipation, and it can even be an effective remedy for thalassemia and anemia.

 

Some say that it can help to boost fertility, too. Of course, it also promotes relaxation, and when you’re relaxed, you feel more at-ease, so cupping can also enhance your mood. 

Not really. Of course, you will feel a suction sensation, but you shouldn’t feel any pain.

 

In the event that your muscles are really tight and your tissues are very stagnant, you may experience a degree of soreness; however, it should be quite slight, and it should subside.

 

If, for any reason, you do feel any pain, let your therapist know, and they can loosen the strength of the cups to make you more comfortable. 

Once your session is complete, your therapist will remove the cups and you will be free to get dressed and return to your regular activities.

 

At first, you’ll see red marks where the cups where, and those marks will turn into reddish-purplish circular spots. The color will progressively decrease each day. On average, it takes about 7 to 10 days for the skin to return to normal. Make sure you stay well-hydrated after your session by drinking plenty of water.

 

Doing so will help to maintain circulation; plus, drinking plenty of water is always good for you, even when you aren’t cupping. 

If you’re an athlete and you’re making cupping a part of your training routine, scheduling an appointment for a session within about 24 hours of a serious workout is highly recommended, as you’ll want to give yourself a full day to recover from the therapy before you start working out or participating in your sport again. 

It depends on your specific needs and goals. If, for example, you’re an athlete and you’re actively training, frequent sessions may be your best bet; however, if you’re interested in detoxing and want to promote relaxation, once a month may do you well.

 

Speak with your therapist about your objectives and they will be able to advise you about the ideal frequency of sessions. 

As with all types of treatments – including natural therapies – cupping therapy may not be suitable for everyone. Generally, it is considered safe for the vast majority of healthy adults; however, for some individuals, it isn’t recommended.

 

For instance, those who have blood disorders, such as hemophilia, and cancer patients should avoid cupping. Cupping should also be avoided by those with heart disease or kidney disease or kidney failure.

 

Additionally, if you’re pregnant or you think you could be pregnant, cupping is not recommended. 

There are many different types of therapy cups that are used in cupping:

 

  1. Glass
  2. Plastic
  3. Bamboo
  4. Silicone
  5. Ceramic

Traditionally, bamboo and glass cups are used. Glass therapy cups have the greatest suction and ability to stay fixed on the body.

Typically, patients will feel some level of discomfort, but it is short-lived. 

 

If one does not feel the treatment at all, it is not yet working.

We go to great lengths to ensure safety. Results Physical Therapists have all passed their necessary board exams, and have an exhaustive understanding of anatomy.

 

In fact, Results physical therapists have four times more training and education than the national average for all physical therapists. We apply OSHA standards, use personal protective high-quality equipment, and proudly hold to the highest standards of safety.

There may be some soreness immediately after treatment in the area of the body that was dry needled. This is normal, although does not always occur. Occasionally, soreness develops a few hours later, or even the next day.

 

The soreness may vary depending on the area of the body that was treated, and also varies person-to-person, but typically it feels like you have had an intense workout at the gym. Occasionally patients will experience some bruising with this soreness.

 

A patient may also feel tired, nauseous, emotional,  and/or somewhat “out of it” after treatment. This is a normal response that only lasts an hour or two after treatment.

To decrease any chance of soreness following your appointment you should increase your water intake, soak in a hot bath or hot tub if possible, and/or use a heating pad on the muscle.

Results charges $40 per dry needling session, which is in addition to the cost of the appointment.

 

Insurance may cover dry needling in some instances, but typically it is an out-of-pocket expense.

No. Working out, stretching and massaging can all be done based on your comfort level.

We do not typically use dry needling at a patient’s first appointment unless they fit a classic “trigger point” presentation. We may introduce a patient to dry needling at an initial appointment, educating on the procedure, benefits, risks and side effects; and then use the procedure on subsequent visits. 

 

Results' dry needling patients average 2-3 sessions, and will not use more than 5-6 except in rare circumstances.

 

Often we will use dry needling once or twice per week out of 2-3 visits.

 

Not at this time. We only recommend dry needling as a part of a comprehensive physical therapy treatment program.

 

Dry needling is based on traditional, studied and tested practices of Western Medicine to restore normal muscle function. Traditional acupuncture practitioners’ follow Eastern Medicine's key principle of holistic treatment, and base their practice on "normalizing the energy imbalance," or Chi, in the body to cure syndromes.

 

Results prescribes dry needling within medically-proven and measurable parameters, in accordance with our advanced training in musculoskeletal function. Results therapists that perform dry needling therapy have successfully passed regulated board exams, and have a thorough knowledge of a patient's condition based on in-depth and ongoing assessments and treatment.

No. Each needle is discarded after use, consistent with medically approved standards and practices.

Graston Technique is an instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization treatment. It’s widely known to be very effective in detecting and treating scar tissue.

 

Scar tissue, incidentally, causes pain and limits range of motion, both of which could prevent you from going about your normal activities.

This innovative technique, which is based on the works of an orthopedic surgeon named Dr. James Cyriax, makes use of six core tools. These tools are made from stainless steel in concave and convex shapes.

 

But don’t worry about the stainless steel part because the tools aren’t sharp but rather have round edges.

 

The technique uses cross-friction massage and re-introduces small degrees of trauma to the affected area. This increases blood flow, which begins and supports the healing process.

The practitioner will use the Graston tools to run over and “catch” on fibrotic tissue, identifying the area of restriction. The tool is then used to break up the scar tissue so that the body can absorb it.

 

Now some patients have reported some form of minor discomfort during this treatment and some bruising may also occur after the procedure.

The Graston treatment is generally given for a period of four to five weeks. Patients get two treatments every week.

 

But according to the Graston site, patients usually experience results by the third or fourth treatment.

 

Graston can treat acute and chronic conditions such as carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), Achilles tendonitis, cervical strain, fibromyalgia, illiotibial band syndrome, knee pain, plantar fasciitis or foot pain, shin splints, trigger points, tennis and golfer’s elbow, and post fracture pain.

 

Graston reduces overall time of treatment. It cuts down on having to take anti-inflammatory medication. It’s known to resolve chronic conditions that once were thought to be permanent. And it supports speedier recovery or rehabilitation. For more information about this innovative treatment, ask your specialist today.

 

Now and then, you’ll hear about some newfangled treatment for pain. Naturally, this bodes well for you if you happen to be suffering from carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) because of your job or shoulder pain from playing a rough football game.

 

Any opportunity that allows you to get relief from the physical suffering is certainly good news. And that opportunity could possibly come from Graston.

 

If you’re unfamiliar with Graston, you may be wondering about several things: what is it exactly or how is it done. So here are just five of the most frequently asked questions about this innovative treatment.

Kinesiology tape (k tape or kinesiotape) can be used for many and various injuries and complaints. It accelerates the self-healing ability of the body, provides support, stability and allows full range of motion.

 

Kinesiology tape is an elastic cotton tape with an hypoallergenic, acrylic adhesive layer. It has been designed to mimic the skin in terms of elasticity and thickness.

 

The kinetic tape is made of high quality materials, adheres to the skin for 3 to 7 days and is water resistant Kinesiology tape can be used throughout the entire healing process. Kinesiotape is successfully being applied to athletes when treating sports injuries.

• High quality cotton materials
• No additional medications used in manufacture
• Elastic therapeutic tape with a stretch ability of 130 to 140% (attributes similar to the human skin)
• Air and water permeable but resistant to water (showering, swimming)
• 100% hypoallergenic acrylic adhesive layer, arranged according to a wave pattern and activated under the influence of body heat
• CureTape® can adheres for several days
• Kinesiology taping is actively treating patients 24 hours a day

The elasticity of kinesiology tape has been designed to mirror the elasticity of the skin. Applied correctly, kinesiotape mimics the elasticity of the skin therefore influencing various subcutaneous structures.

 

In the hands of a trained skillful therapist differing techniques can be used to correct and adapt physiological structures, such as microcirculation, neuroreceptors, lymph vessels and the fascia.

Because kinesiology tape can be applied in a number of ways and due the fact that a variety of physiological structures can be influenced, the Medical Taping Concept has numerous fields of application.

 

Once the clinician has assessed whether the deficit in the muscles ability is length or strength related, specific muscular taping can be used to normalize muscle function. Joint function can be corrected or stabilized by using techniques that work more on connective tissue.

 

Specific lymph taping can stimulate lymphatic function to reduce oedema and haematomas. Through a segmental approach taping can be used to influence internal organs and both the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system

Multiple taping techniques combined simutaniously in a therapists daily practice frequenty bear the best results in normalizing a patients biomechanics.

 

Other possible indications for taping would include: complaints due to overload, deviations in posture, sports injuries, menstruation problems, growing pains and bone contusions to name a few.

Within a range of CureTape®, for example CureTape® Punch, the base of the kinesiotape is identical but only a different dye bath is used to create the various colours of kinesiotape. The hypoallergenic adhesive properties used in CureTape® Sports enable this tape to endure longer but the base tape is the same.

 

Originally, the colours were chosen on the principles of ‘Colour therapy’. When applying coloured kinesiology tape, an aesthetic choice is often made in practice. Sometimes a therapist may use a certain colour for structural taping to support a joint and then a different colour to strap a muscle or simply you may use a ‘beige’ colour to tape with more discretely.

No pharmaceutical properties have been embedded in kinesiology tape. The positive effects achieved by using kinesiology tape are largely the result of Thysols R & D testing and the skillfull application of kinesiology tape to the patient.

Yes, kinesiology tape can get wet. CureTape® kinesiotape has been designed to be water-resistant so showering, swimming and bathing can continue as normal. The cotton in kinesiology tape does absorb some water so after showering or swimming it is advisable to ‘dab’ dry kinesiology tape with a towel.

 

The way kinesiology tape adheres to the skin happens as body heat stimulates the adhesive hypoallergenic material in kinesiology tape to become tacky and affix to the skin. Therefore it is not recommended to use a heater or hair dryer to dry kinesiology tape as this may cause a skin reaction. Sunbaking or using a sunbed with kinesiology tape are also better avoided.

Kinesiology tape does not adhere well to greasy or oily substances such as body creams, lotions or massage oil.

 

The use of cream rinse can also reduce the adhesive strength of kinesiology tape in shoulder or neck applications. Generally for best application the skin must be cleaned and degreased before taping.

 

Good practice would direct the therapist to place a small test patch of tape on the inner forearm to test for reactions to sensitive skin although reactions are rare.

 


Another option for very sensitive or thin skin is to use 3M’s Cavilon spray beforehand. This spray creates a protective film on the skin, preventing skin reactions. This film layer is slightly sticky, so that kinesiology tape will stick even better.

For best effects kinesiology tape should adhere directly to the skin. If there is too much hair, kinesiology tape will lie on the hair which can hinder or limit potential results. Removal of kinesiology tape from hairy bodies also obviously can generate some discomfort.

 

If the patient or therapist can shave or trim the area to be treated prior to application would prove sensible.

 

In some cases care would be taken not to remove too much hair to avoid folliculitis or wounds. In this case a trimmer would be recommended.

Kinesiology tape is not sterile and therefore cannot be applied over damaged skin. It is highly recommended to tape adjacent to the wound to accelerate and promote wound healing.


You can only tape scars after the wound is closed and able to take the load of tensioned tape.


Post radiotherapy sufficient time must have elapsed for the skin to recover before applying tape. According to the protocol, the first six weeks after the end of the radiation taping should not occur. Each patients healing rates will differ so clinical discretion must be used to determine when it is safe to apply tape.

Yes, CureTape® Classic (medical tape) and associated Thysol kinesiology tapes (CureTape® Sports, CureTape® Punch and CureTape® Art) are made of hypoallergenic material. CureTape® is made of high quality cotton, through which latex-free elastic fibers are woven.

 

A 100% acrylic adhesive layer is used, which is also well tolerated by people with a allergies to elastic plasters. The adhesive layer is woven in a wave pattern, so that the skin can breathe and body fluid can pass through kinesiology tape.


Occasionally skin irritations and allergies can occur in practice and are often due too:

 

  • Technique errors, such as too much stretch on kinesiology tape or skin folds stuck to kinesiology tape;
  • Sometimes due to the patients medications e.g., blood thinners;
  • The incorrect removal of tape
  • Sometimes we perceive there is a problem when there is not. E.g., kinesiology tape has a normalizing effect on the blood flow so if a reddening of the skin is observed it may not be due to irritation.
    Occasionally a sympathetic overreaction of the body can occur;
  • In all cases if there is any doubt please remove kinesiology tape!

Kinesiology tape should be removed calmly and carefully, to prevent skin irritations or skin damage, kinesiology tape is not a band aid.

 

Effective removing kinesiotape:

  • Determine the direction the hair is growing. Soak kinesiology tape well with a food grade cooking oil before removal process. Support /pin the skin adjacent to where you wish to start removing tape. Pull slowly but firmly in the direction of hair growth (away from the area of skin you are supporting/pinning and parallel to the skin (you will need to reposition your support/pin hand as tape is removed).

 

  • For more vulnerable skin or children: rub kinesiology tape with (baby) oil, let the oil drain well. This will easily release kinesiology tape.

 

  • Another useful tool is Sterilium. Let it soak in for a short time so that the adhesive layer has a chance to soften or dissolve before removing kinesiology tape.
    Use of irritants is not recommended if there is a lymph problem.

For a positive result, it is necessary fully understand your condition and the technique of kinesiology taping that best applies to the condition.


Improper use can cause a counterproductive effect or even create a new problem! We recommend that you only tape yourself after a thorough explanation and good instructions from a therapist with sufficient taping experience.

 

If in doubt you should always contact a physician who has sufficient knowledge of the Kinesiology Taping Concept.

Kinesiology tape may remain in place as long as it adheres. On average, a tape will last for 4 to 6 days. Applications with a hand or foot may release more rapidly which is also the case for oily skinned patients.

 

Kinesiology tape absorbs the skin heat and adheres optimally after about half an hour. Dressing for the first time must therefore be done carefully to prevent the ends from coming loose. Once kinesiology tape has reached skin temperature, the vulnerability when dressing or undressing declines.

 

Tip: after applying kinesiotape, rub kinesiology tape with talcum powder. The talcum powder adheres to the edges of the kinesiotape so that kinesiology tape does not stick to the clothes.

Some kinesiotaping techniques, as with massages, are highly beneficial during pregnancy, yet also some techniques may stimulate body function.

 

So it is always recommended during pregnancy to err on the side of caution and seek professional advice prior to pregnancy kinesiology taping.

Manual therapy is a specialized form of physical therapy that involves hands-on techniques performed by a trained therapist to diagnose and treat musculoskeletal pain, dysfunction, and movement impairments. It encompasses a variety of skilled techniques aimed at improving joint mobility, muscle flexibility, soft tissue integrity, and overall function.

Some common techniques used in manual therapy include:

  1. Joint mobilization: Gentle, passive movements applied to specific joints to improve mobility, reduce pain, and restore normal joint mechanics. These techniques can help address stiffness, limited range of motion, and joint dysfunction.

  2. Joint manipulation: Also known as spinal manipulation or adjustment, this technique involves high-velocity, low-amplitude thrusts applied to a joint to realign the joint surfaces and improve joint function. It is commonly used to treat conditions such as spinal misalignments, joint dysfunction, and certain types of musculoskeletal pain.

  3. Soft tissue mobilization: Techniques such as massage, myofascial release, and trigger point therapy are used to address muscle tension, adhesions, and restrictions in the soft tissues (muscles, tendons, ligaments) surrounding joints. These techniques can help reduce pain, improve flexibility, and enhance tissue healing.

  4. Muscle energy techniques: Active or passive stretching techniques combined with gentle muscle contractions are used to improve joint mobility, correct muscle imbalances, and restore optimal muscle function. These techniques are often used to address muscular tightness, joint stiffness, and postural dysfunctions.

  5. Strain-counterstrain: This technique involves gently positioning the body in a comfortable position to relieve muscle spasms and pain. It is based on the concept of resetting muscle proprioceptors to reduce muscle tension and improve function.

  6. Manual traction: Gentle, controlled pulling or stretching of the spine or limbs to decompress joints, relieve pressure on nerves, and improve joint mobility. This technique is commonly used to treat conditions such as herniated discs and nerve impingement.

Manual therapy techniques are often integrated into a comprehensive physical therapy treatment plan to address a wide range of musculoskeletal conditions, including back and neck pain, joint injuries, soft tissue injuries, arthritis, and sports-related injuries. The specific techniques used depend on the individual's condition, symptoms, and goals, and are tailored to meet their unique needs. Manual therapy is typically combined with therapeutic exercises, modalities, and patient education to achieve optimal outcomes in rehabilitation.

Manual therapy offers several potential benefits for individuals with musculoskeletal pain, dysfunction, and movement impairments. Some of the key benefits include:

  1. Pain relief: Manual therapy techniques such as joint mobilization, soft tissue mobilization, and muscle energy techniques can help reduce pain by releasing muscle tension, improving joint mobility, and decreasing pressure on nerves.

  2. Improved joint mobility and flexibility: Joint mobilization, manipulation, and manual traction techniques can enhance joint mobility and restore normal joint mechanics, allowing for improved range of motion and flexibility.

  3. Enhanced tissue healing: Soft tissue mobilization techniques such as massage and myofascial release can stimulate blood flow, promote tissue relaxation, and facilitate the healing process by reducing inflammation and promoting the formation of healthy scar tissue.

  4. Reduced muscle tension and stiffness: Soft tissue mobilization, muscle energy techniques, and strain-counterstrain techniques can help alleviate muscle tightness, reduce muscle spasms, and improve muscle flexibility and relaxation.

  5. Correction of movement dysfunctions: Manual therapy techniques can address movement dysfunctions, imbalances, and compensatory patterns by restoring optimal joint and muscle function. This can improve movement efficiency and reduce the risk of injury.

  6. Improved posture: Manual therapy techniques combined with therapeutic exercises can help correct postural imbalances, alignment issues, and muscle weakness, leading to improved posture and alignment.

  7. Enhanced athletic performance: Manual therapy techniques can be beneficial for athletes by improving joint mobility, muscle flexibility, and tissue quality, which can enhance athletic performance and reduce the risk of sports-related injuries.

  8. Stress reduction and relaxation: Manual therapy techniques such as massage can promote relaxation, reduce stress levels, and improve overall well-being by stimulating the release of endorphins and promoting a sense of relaxation and calm.

  9. Complementary to other treatments: Manual therapy can complement other treatments such as therapeutic exercise, modalities, and patient education to provide a comprehensive approach to rehabilitation and promote optimal outcomes.

Overall, manual therapy offers a range of potential benefits for individuals with musculoskeletal conditions, including pain relief, improved joint mobility and flexibility, enhanced tissue healing, correction of movement dysfunctions, improved posture, and relaxation. It is often integrated into a comprehensive physical therapy treatment plan to address the specific needs and goals of each individual.

Manual therapy offers several potential benefits for individuals with musculoskeletal pain, dysfunction, and movement impairments. Some of the key benefits include:

  1. Pain relief: Manual therapy techniques such as joint mobilization, soft tissue mobilization, and muscle energy techniques can help reduce pain by releasing muscle tension, improving joint mobility, and decreasing pressure on nerves.

  2. Improved joint mobility and flexibility: Joint mobilization, manipulation, and manual traction techniques can enhance joint mobility and restore normal joint mechanics, allowing for improved range of motion and flexibility.

  3. Enhanced tissue healing: Soft tissue mobilization techniques such as massage and myofascial release can stimulate blood flow, promote tissue relaxation, and facilitate the healing process by reducing inflammation and promoting the formation of healthy scar tissue.

  4. Reduced muscle tension and stiffness: Soft tissue mobilization, muscle energy techniques, and strain-counterstrain techniques can help alleviate muscle tightness, reduce muscle spasms, and improve muscle flexibility and relaxation.

  5. Correction of movement dysfunctions: Manual therapy techniques can address movement dysfunctions, imbalances, and compensatory patterns by restoring optimal joint and muscle function. This can improve movement efficiency and reduce the risk of injury.

  6. Improved posture: Manual therapy techniques combined with therapeutic exercises can help correct postural imbalances, alignment issues, and muscle weakness, leading to improved posture and alignment.

  7. Enhanced athletic performance: Manual therapy techniques can be beneficial for athletes by improving joint mobility, muscle flexibility, and tissue quality, which can enhance athletic performance and reduce the risk of sports-related injuries.

  8. Stress reduction and relaxation: Manual therapy techniques such as massage can promote relaxation, reduce stress levels, and improve overall well-being by stimulating the release of endorphins and promoting a sense of relaxation and calm.

  9. Complementary to other treatments: Manual therapy can complement other treatments such as therapeutic exercise, modalities, and patient education to provide a comprehensive approach to rehabilitation and promote optimal outcomes.

Overall, manual therapy offers a range of potential benefits for individuals with musculoskeletal conditions, including pain relief, improved joint mobility and flexibility, enhanced tissue healing, correction of movement dysfunctions, improved posture, and relaxation. It is often integrated into a comprehensive physical therapy treatment plan to address the specific needs and goals of each individual.

Because manual therapy by a physical therapist involves a hands-on approach, many could confuse it with chiropractic care or massage therapy. But there are some critical differences between each practice. 

 

Both physical therapists and chiropractors must attain clinical doctorates in their respective fields and must be licensed to practice by their governing boards.

 

While physical therapists perform manual therapy techniques with the goal of establishing pain-free movement, chiropractors perform spinal adjustments primarily to treat underlying medical conditions and restore spinal alignment. 

 

1. Chiropractors -  focus on issues stemming from spinal imbalances, such as back pain, neck pain, and headaches, and they may use specialized equipment in their practice. Physical therapists’ treatment expertise lies in restoring functional movement, decreasing pain, and preventing injury through manual techniques and prescribed exercises. They can practice in a hospital, in a hospice care setting, or in an outpatient clinic.

 

2.Massage therapists - typically require a license from most states to practice, which requires a certain amount of clinical hours and an associated degree from an accredited massage therapy school, but there is no prior college degree required. Both massage therapists and physical therapists manipulate soft tissues and muscles, but the primary goal of a massage therapist is relaxation. Physical therapists, through their advanced education and clinical training, are licensed to use hands-on interventions in order to rehabilitate an injury or medical diagnosis. 

 Manual therapy can be an essential component of many physical therapy treatments, it may not be right for every patient. Medical conditions that require improving stability might need a treatment that does not involve manual therapy, such as joint hypermobility.

 

Other conditions such as osteoporosis might not benefit from manual therapy due to lower bone density and the inherent risk of fracture. There are many other conditions that your therapist should be aware of before applying manual techniques.

 

Techniques are always applied with the intent of reducing pain and improving function. Treatments can range from gentle soft tissue mobilization/massage to reduce swelling, to increased pressure on specific joint structures to improve range of motion. If any technique is painful, your therapist should be able to adjust it so that you are not in any discomfort.

For example, if you have shoulder pain and loss of range of motion, your therapist may begin with gentle soft tissue techniques/massage to reduce pain and relax the shoulder muscles. Then, they might follow with a joint mobilization technique to improve range of motion and shoulder function.

 

Your therapist should always be monitoring your tolerance to any technique. If you cannot relax during the treatment, your therapist will move toward a less painful technique. 

 

On rare occasions, some patients are not as comfortable with being touched. Whether it is part of your personality or personal preference, your therapist will work with you and make sure you are comfortable while still getting the best possible treatment. 

Of course, all patients have the right to choose where they attend physical therapy.

We work diligently to coordinate our services with all medical doctors and other healthcare professionals.

Normally, we can accommodate same-day or next-day appointments.

The timing for starting exercise during physical therapy depends on several factors, including the nature of your injury or condition, the type of surgery (if applicable), your overall health, and the recommendations of your healthcare provider or physical therapist. It's essential to follow their guidance to ensure safe and effective rehabilitation.

In general, here are some considerations regarding when you can start exercising in physical therapy:

  1. Post-operative recovery: If you've undergone surgery, your surgeon will provide specific guidelines regarding when you can begin exercising. In many cases, physical therapy starts shortly after surgery, once your surgeon determines it's safe to do so. Your physical therapist will design a personalized exercise program tailored to your post-operative needs and will gradually progress the intensity and complexity of exercises as you recover.

  2. Acute injury or condition: If you're undergoing physical therapy for an acute injury or condition (such as a sprain, strain, or recent onset of pain), your therapist will initially focus on pain management, reducing inflammation, and protecting the injured area. Once these goals are achieved, they will introduce gentle exercises to improve mobility, strength, and function.

  3. Chronic condition or rehabilitation: If you're receiving physical therapy for a chronic condition (such as arthritis, chronic pain, or a neurological disorder), your therapist may incorporate exercises into your treatment plan early on, depending on your tolerance and capabilities. These exercises may focus on improving flexibility, strength, balance, and overall functional abilities.

  4. Individualized progression: Your physical therapist will assess your condition, monitor your progress, and adjust your exercise program accordingly. They will consider factors such as your pain levels, range of motion, muscle strength, and functional goals when determining the appropriate timing and type of exercises.

  5. Home exercise program: In addition to in-clinic exercises, your therapist may prescribe a home exercise program to supplement your rehabilitation. These exercises are designed to be safe and manageable within your current abilities and are intended to facilitate your progress between therapy sessions.

It's crucial to communicate openly with your physical therapist about any concerns or limitations you may have regarding exercise. They will work with you to develop a comprehensive and individualized treatment plan that aligns with your goals and promotes a safe and effective recovery. Remember to follow their instructions carefully and to progress at a pace that is appropriate for your condition to avoid exacerbating symptoms or causing further injury.

In physical therapy, there are several common occurrences that therapists and patients may encounter during the rehabilitation process. These occurrences can vary depending on the individual's condition, the type of therapy being provided, and other factors. Some common occurrences in physical therapy include:

  1. Muscle soreness and fatigue: After performing exercises or undergoing manual therapy, patients may experience muscle soreness and fatigue. This is a normal response to the increased activity and stress placed on the muscles during therapy sessions.

  2. Temporary increase in pain: In some cases, patients may experience a temporary increase in pain during or after physical therapy sessions, particularly when starting a new exercise program or undergoing manual therapy. This is often due to the muscles and tissues being stretched or activated in ways they are not accustomed to. However, this increase in pain should be transient and typically subsides as the body adjusts to the therapy.

  3. Joint stiffness: Patients with musculoskeletal injuries or post-operative conditions may experience joint stiffness, especially after periods of immobility. Physical therapy interventions such as stretching, mobilization, and range of motion exercises aim to address and alleviate joint stiffness over time.

  4. Fatigue: Physical therapy sessions can be physically demanding, especially for patients who are deconditioned or recovering from surgery. Fatigue is a common occurrence during and after therapy sessions as the body works to adapt and recover from the increased activity.

  5. Emotional response: Physical therapy can be emotionally challenging for some patients, especially if they are dealing with chronic pain or recovering from a traumatic injury or surgery. Patients may experience feelings of frustration, anxiety, or depression during the rehabilitation process. Physical therapists are trained to provide emotional support and guidance to help patients cope with these feelings and stay motivated throughout their recovery.

  6. Plateaus and setbacks: It's not uncommon for patients to experience plateaus or setbacks in their rehabilitation progress. This can occur due to various factors such as overexertion, poor adherence to the therapy program, or underlying medical issues. Physical therapists work with patients to identify the cause of the plateau or setback and adjust the treatment plan as needed to continue making progress.

  7. Improved function and quality of life: Despite the challenges and setbacks, physical therapy is ultimately aimed at improving function and enhancing the quality of life for patients. Over time, many patients experience significant improvements in their strength, flexibility, mobility, and overall well-being as a result of physical therapy interventions.

Overall, physical therapy is a dynamic and individualized process that may involve various challenges and successes along the way. Effective communication between the patient and therapist, along with a collaborative approach to treatment, can help address common occurrences and optimize outcomes in physical therapy.

Pre-operative physical therapy, also known as pre-surgical rehabilitation, is a specialized form of physical therapy that focuses on preparing patients for surgery. The goal of pre-operative physical therapy is to optimize the patient's physical condition and function before surgery, which can potentially improve surgical outcomes and enhance the recovery process.

Key components of pre-operative physical therapy may include:

  1. Evaluation and assessment: A physical therapist conducts a comprehensive evaluation of the patient's physical condition, including strength, flexibility, range of motion, balance, and functional abilities. This assessment helps identify areas of weakness or limitation that may impact the surgical outcome or post-operative rehabilitation.

  2. Education and counseling: Patients receive education and counseling about the upcoming surgery, including what to expect during and after the procedure, potential risks and complications, and the importance of rehabilitation. They are also provided with instructions on pre-operative exercises and activities to optimize their physical condition.

  3. Prehabilitation exercises: Based on the evaluation findings, the physical therapist prescribes a personalized prehabilitation exercise program aimed at improving strength, flexibility, and mobility in specific muscle groups or joints relevant to the upcoming surgery. These exercises may include strengthening exercises, stretching, range of motion exercises, and cardiovascular conditioning.

  4. Pain management strategies: Patients may learn pain management techniques and strategies to help them cope with post-operative pain more effectively. This may include relaxation techniques, positioning strategies, and modalities such as heat or cold therapy.

  5. Functional training: Depending on the type of surgery and the patient's functional goals, pre-operative physical therapy may include activities and exercises aimed at improving specific functional abilities relevant to daily activities or sports.

  6. Assistive device training: If the patient will require assistive devices such as crutches, walkers, or braces after surgery, pre-operative physical therapy may include training on how to use these devices safely and effectively.

  7. Coordination with the surgical team: The physical therapist collaborates closely with the patient's surgical team, including the surgeon, anesthesiologist, and other healthcare providers, to ensure that the pre-operative rehabilitation plan aligns with the surgical goals and requirements.

Overall, pre-operative physical therapy aims to optimize the patient's physical condition, minimize the risk of complications, and facilitate a smoother recovery following surgery. It is particularly beneficial for patients undergoing elective surgeries or those with pre-existing physical impairments that may impact their surgical outcomes.

Post-operative physical therapy, also known as post-surgical rehabilitation, is a specialized form of physical therapy designed to help patients recover from surgery and regain optimal function and mobility. It aims to address specific issues related to surgery, such as pain, stiffness, weakness, and limited range of motion.

Post-operative physical therapy typically begins shortly after surgery, once the patient's condition is stable and they are cleared by their surgeon to begin rehabilitation. The specific goals and exercises in a post-operative physical therapy program depend on the type of surgery performed, the patient's overall health and fitness level, and any pre-existing conditions.

Key components of post-operative physical therapy may include:

  1. Pain management: Techniques such as manual therapy, therapeutic exercises, modalities like ice or heat, and other pain-relieving interventions are used to manage post-operative pain.

  2. Restoring mobility and range of motion: Physical therapists work with patients to improve joint mobility and flexibility through exercises, stretching, and manual techniques.

  3. Strengthening exercises: Targeted exercises are prescribed to rebuild strength in muscles that may have weakened due to surgery or immobility.

  4. Balance and coordination training: Exercises to improve balance and coordination help patients regain stability and prevent falls during the recovery process.

  5. Gait training: For surgeries affecting the lower body, gait training helps patients relearn how to walk safely and efficiently.

  6. Education and home exercise program: Patients are educated about their condition, proper body mechanics, and strategies to prevent re-injury. They are also given a customized home exercise program to continue their rehabilitation outside of therapy sessions.

  7. Functional training: Activities and exercises are tailored to help patients regain the ability to perform daily tasks and activities relevant to their lifestyle and goals.

The duration and intensity of post-operative physical therapy vary depending on the individual's progress and the complexity of the surgery. A physical therapist works closely with the patient and their healthcare team to monitor progress, adjust the treatment plan as needed, and ensure a successful recovery.

INFUSION THERAPHY

WELLNESS

Vitamin B12 is a key nutrient for the body to produce Red Blood Cells and maintenance of your central nervous system.  By administering B12 IV, it can have immediate effect in the body without having to be absorbed through the gut.

 

By infusing it directly into the blood circulation, cells are able to utilize B12 for cellular maintenance.

 

Vitamin B12 booster shots & vitamin injections enhances the rate of you feeling reenergized. Set up a consultation today and we'll schedule with you at your convenience.

B12 is a key nutrient for the body to produce Red Blood Cells and maintenance of your central nervous system.  

 

By administering B12 IV, it can be utilized by body quickly and without having to be absorbed through the gut.  IV B12 can also help the client experience an increase in energy and metabolism.

Yes. It is often used to fortify the body as one of the nutrients in a Vitamin infusion.

Anywhere from 45-60 minutes depending on volume and IV placement.

B12 as an add-on to an infusion can be $10. 

B12 shots are absorbed after injection for 5-10 days. How long it lasts in the body varies and depends on the deficiency.

Frequency depends on what your goals are. Weight loss can require injections twice a week, whereas general wellness can be once a month.  

 

If treating B12 deficiency, injections can be administered once a week for 4 weeks followed by once a month. 

Having more energy and feeling good!

B12 being infused is extremely safe. Shots and IV infusions carry a small risk for adverse issues, but the risks are not associated with B12.

 

The risks are associated with the IV insertion, existing medical issues, and administration of the infusion.

When using B12 injections for weight loss, a patient can safely receive 1 or 2 injections per week.

 

When working with a medical professional, B12 can be paired with other injectable nutrients to maximize metabolism and energy production.

B12 absorption in the gut can be affected by certain medications. B12 injections bypass the gut and get superior absorption for use.  

 

In short, there are no medication reactions to note.

B12 can certainly help in losing weight by boosting metabolism and energy levels.

Feeling worse after a B12 injection is exceedingly rare.  

 

Potentially you may not feel any effect from a B12 injection, but that is usually because of an inability to convert B12 into a usable form.

 

LIVation specifically uses Methyl cobalamin, which is a usable B12 that the body can start using immediately.

Depending on dosing, $25-35.

Intravenous (IV) vitamin therapy (also known as intravenous micronutrient therapy and hydration therapy) is a way to give high concentrations of vitamins and minerals directly into the bloodstream, allowing rapid absorption of higher doses of the vitamins and minerals than if the person got them through food or supplements.

 

  • These liquids are delivered through a small tube inserted into a vein.

  • The infusions typically take 20 minutes to an hour, depending on the volume of the cocktail and the size of the person's veins.

  • IV vitamin therapy is touted by many celebrities and is available at many IV bars, drip bars, and IV lounges.

 

The Myers' cocktail is a popular formula among complementary and alternative medicine providers for IV vitamin therapy.

 

 

  • The Myers' formula consists of high doses of B vitamins, vitamin C, and minerals (magnesium and calcium) mixed with sterile water.

 

  • Dr. John Myers developed and administered the first IV vitamin treatments in Baltimore in the 1970s.

 

  • Any vitamin or mineral can be infused intravenously, and some doctors who administer the infusion have changed the amounts of the vitamins in the Myers' cocktail (this is called the modified Myers' cocktail). Some doctors have also individualized doses for frail, older people and children.
IV vitamin therapy is supposedly best used for people who cannot get enough vitamins and minerals because they cannot eat enough food or an illness prevents them from absorbing nutrients.
 
However, in contrast, some advocates claim that IV vitamin therapy can enhance wellness even in people who do not have vitamin (or mineral) deficiencies.
 
Clinics and companies offering the Myers' cocktail and other high-dose IV vitamin formulations claim that these infusions can do the following:
 
  • Treat dehydration after extreme exercise or too much alcohol intake
  • Boost the immune system (although what this means or how this could be done is not clear)
  • Increase levels of energy and reduce fatigue
  • Relieve stress, anxiety, and depression
  • Eliminate toxins from the body
  • Make skin healthier
  • Treat hangovers and headaches
  • Treat asthma, allergies, chronic sinusitis, high blood pressure, fibromyalgia, diabetes, heart disease, acute muscle spasms, and Parkinson disease
  • Treat migraine and tension headaches
 
Sellers of IV vitamin therapy also claim that infusions are better than dietary sources of the vitamins because
 
  • The infusions can be given to people with various food sensitivities.
  • Large amounts of vitamins and minerals are delivered directly into the bloodstream, so they have a more direct path into the cells and mitochondria, where they allegedly have beneficial effects.

Very few studies have tested the effectiveness of the Myers' cocktail or any other form of high-dose IV vitamin therapy in people who do not have a vitamin or mineral deficiency. (Also, no published evidence so far has shown that this therapy is effective for any serious illness or chronic disease.)

 

Thus, evidence is mostly anecdotal, meaning that it is limited to people's personal remembrances. Anecdotal evidence is generally not considered strong evidence.

 

  • Injections of individual vitamins or minerals are evidence-based treatments for people with deficiencies of these nutrients or to manage the side effects of certain drugs.

  • But evidence also shows that the best way to obtain needed vitamins, minerals, and other nutrients is through the diet, with only occasional exceptions (for example, sometimes iron or vitamin B12).

  • The few studies that have been done were small, did not include a placebo group, or showed that the infusions were not more effective than placebo.

In 2018, the US Federal Trade Commission (FTC) charged a company marketing and selling the Myers' cocktail and other IV vitamin and mineral infusions of making "deceptive and unsupported health claims" about the ability of these infusions to treat such diseases as cancer, multiple sclerosis, diabetes, fibromyalgia, and heart failure.

 

  • The FTC argued that these health treatment and efficacy claims were false or not supported by competent and reliable scientific evidence.

As with any IV treatment, IV vitamin therapy can make the body more vulnerable to infection and can cause blood clots, and burning sensations at the injection site.

 

  • In people with abnormalities in blood levels of magnesium or potassium (for example, caused by kidney disease, use of diuretics or excessive use of alcohol) infusions containing magnesium (or, less commonly, potassium) can cause problems such as abnormal heart rhythms or muscle weakness.

  • In people with heart conditions or high blood pressure, a high-dose vitamin infusion could lead to fluid overload, which could temporarily, but occasionally permanently damage the kidneys, brain, and/or heart.

  • If the infusion is administered too quickly, it can lower blood pressure (probably due to the magnesium), which can lead to light-headedness and fainting.

  • According to a few study reports, infusions of the Myers' cocktail or another combination of vitamins and minerals can lead to symptoms of depression, insomnia, and upset stomach.

  • Excess amounts of vitamins and minerals can be harmful. For example, large IV doses of thiamine, a B vitamin, can cause anaphylaxis, a potentially life-threatening allergic reaction. Also, high doses of vitamin B6 may cause damage to peripheral nerves (peripheral neuropathy).

  • The safety of IV vitamin therapy in pregnant and breastfeeding women has not been studied.

Which drugs interact with IV vitamin treatments depends on which vitamins and minerals are infused and their doses. A few examples of interactions are listed below:

 

  • Intravenous vitamin B6 can lead to poorer responses to drugs taken to stimulate the production of blood cells (for example, erythropoietin, epoetin alfa, and darbepoetin alfa), often used in people with chronic kidney disease or cancer.

  • Magnesium may interact with antihypertensive, resulting in low blood pressure.

  • Ceftriaxone, an injected treatment for certain bacterial infections, could bind together with infused calcium in the blood, so this combination could damage the kidneys, lungs, or gallbladder.
  • Supports the metabolism
  • Decreases soreness and muscle aches
  • Promotes an efficient consumption of energy
  • Improves cellular repair
  • Decreases muscle cramps
  • Decreases oxidative stress within the body
  • Replenishes your electrolyte level
  • Quickly restores the fluids and vitamins you lose during an intense workout
  • The reduction of oxidative stress
  • Effective and fast rehydration
  • A faster recovery
  • A decrease in inflammation
  • Decreases both aches and muscle soreness

High level athletes almost always experience a depletion in both macro- and micro-nutrients because of the intense physical exercise necessary. The micro-nutrients are especially important to replace.

 

This process can be extremely tricky. Micro-nutrients are crucial co-factors for the production of energy. Every time you experience an intense workout, your muscles produce energy in the form of ATP. Your body creates the level of energy required for an intense workout by using enormous stores of micro-nutrients. Once your body has depleted the stores of micro-nutrients, your will feel fatigued and sore.

 

If you have been exercising hard, your recovery can be extremely difficult. To understand the way this process functions, your must first understand the formation of ATP during exercise and your energy metabolism.

Weight Loss Vitamin IV Therapy is known to offer a great effect to increase growth hormone (GH) secretion and hence enhances muscle growth in appropriate progress.

 

Moreover, it is also suitable for people who seek to increase exercise performance and benefit from a shorter recovery period.

Vitamin IV therapy at our affiliated wellness center focuses on delivering essential nutrients to the body by the IV drip method.

 

For this option which focuses on weight loss, the intensive ingredients will help to improve insulin and thyroid function, as well as citric acid cycle metabolism, in which these are known to target fat burn for energy.

1. Consultation and examination of body condition
2. Drip will be carefully inserted into your arm while you sit on a comfortable couch
3. The drip will be removed around after 180 mins

<Advantages>
· Manages weight loss
· Boosts immune system
· Improves insulin and thyroid function
· Increases growth hormone secretion
· Enhances muscle growth
· Aids in exercise performance and body recovery

<Limitations>
· Maintenance sessions may be required for the ideal effect

No. You can proceed with your usual daily activities right after the procedure.

It is recommended to get it once a week, but this largely depends on individuals' needs.

 

Basically, you might need another treatment if you feel that the effects have gradually decrease. It is highly recommended that you get 5 sessions for the best results.

The effects will last longer if you practice excellent dietary intake, regular exercise as well as good skincare regimen that includes appropriate amount of sunscreen application.

The hydration benefits of Beauty Blend are invaluable. By providing hydration and nutrients through mobile IV therapy, we can help improve your appearance confidence.

 

After all, when your body is more hydrated, you just feel better! Of course, when you feel better, you look better, so if you’ve been craving a boost, Beauty Blend is the solution.

Hydreight is proud to offer a number of services include:

 

  • Energy Boosting

  • Immune Support

  • Athlete Recovery

  • Hangover/Detox

  • Fat Burner-Lipo

  • Myer’s

  • Migraine

  • Prenatal

Your body needs an optimal balance of vitamins and minerals during weight loss to support healthy, long-lasting change. IV fluids contain those essential nutrients in an effective delivery system. The fluids are infused into the bloodstream for maximum absorption, compared to oral supplements that need to be digested first before they start to work. 

 

You also need to stay hydrated when you’re trying to drop pounds. Dehydration, or an inadequate amount of fluid in the body, makes you feel run down, and it’s harder to eat right and exercise when you don’t have enough energy. IV hydration supports weight loss with fluids your body needs to thrive.

 

Finally, IV drips are customizable, depending on your health goals. Supplement your IV fluids with methionine inositol choline (MIC), enzymes that may target fatty deposits, or l-carnitine, which can encourage muscle mass growth. Weight-loss infusions give your body the sustenance and support it needs in combination with healthy lifestyle habits.

IV therapy offers benefits that can enhance your weight loss efforts in the following ways: 

 

  • Supports Changes to Your Body Composition

This is where it may help to add MIC and l-carnitine to your IV drip. Your body looks leaner and more fit when muscle mass increases while body fat decreases. These two IV supplements may help you achieve that goal, according to research. 

 

  • Supplies Energy

A good IV for weight loss infusion contains B vitamins for enhanced energy levels. The popular Myers’ Cocktail, for instance, has vitamin B12 and B Complex vitamins (the latter is a combination of B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B9, and B12 vitamins). This increase in energy makes it easier to take the necessary steps toward weight loss through doing physical activity and eating healthy foods. 

 

  • Helps with Post-Workout Recovery

You may be feeling serious muscle aches if you’re just starting an exercise regimen for weight loss. It’s important to keep moving, so don’t let tired muscles get you down. Weight loss infusions deliver hydration and nutrients that replace lost fluids from sweating and helps muscle tissue heal and rebuild so you continue getting stronger. 

 

  • Promotes Healthy Tissues and Cells

Losing weight takes a lot out of your body, and IV fluids help restore what your body needs to function at its best. Antioxidants, vitamins and minerals support cellular health, but it’s not just what’s in the fluid, but the fluid itself. A normal saline solution contains sodium chloride that adds electrolytes to your body and delivers fluids to your cells.

It’s important to understand that IV therapy isn’t a weight-loss cure. If you want to move the needle on the scale or achieve fat burning, IV drips can’t do that on their own.

 

They’re intended to be one of the many planks in the foundation you’re building for a healthy lifestyle. 

Achieve your weight loss goals by combining metabolism drips with other habits:

 

  • Eat a diet rich in produce, lean meats, whole grains and fiber-rich foods. Limit sugar, trans fats and processed foods. Consult with a dietitian or consult the U.S. Dietary Guidelines for Americans if you need help with planning healthy meals.
  • Track your portions. Portion control helps curb the number of calories you consume each day. When you eat a meal, at least half the plate should consist of produce.
  • Drink plenty of water (add sliced fruit for flavor) and avoid sodas, juices and other calorie-laden beverages.
  • Burn more calories than you eat with regular exercise. Aim for a minimum of 150 minutes of moderate exercise per week or 75 minutes of intense activity. 
  • Get between seven and nine hours of sleep each night. Studies have shown high-quality sleep can help with successful weight loss and obesity prevention. 
  • Watch out for emotional eating. Keep a food diary noting what you ate and how you felt when you were eating. If you see a pattern of turning toward sugary snacks when you’re sad or stressed, create a new habit to cope with the emotion like going for a walk or calling a friend. 

Vitamin IV therapy and IV infusions allow various critical nutrients to be administered to the body intravenously. When vitamins and other essential nutrients are delivered directly into the bloodstream, they bypass the digestive system, where many nutrients get lost and are not absorbed.

 

With IV infusion and vitamin injections, nutrients and minerals can go to work, instantly replenishing and revitalizing your body and organs from the inside out.

 

When nutrients are able to bypass the digestive system in this way, you can be assured that you are receiving the nutrients your body needs, no essential vitamins or minerals are being overlooked in your diet, and that your body and organs are properly absorbing the vitamins and minerals you need.

 

This method is especially beneficial for people experiencing digestive complications or irregularities, who may struggle with the natural absorption of certain nutrients and vitamins. While it is always important to choose foods rich in nutrients, it does not always mean that those vitamins and minerals are reaching your body to the fullest.

 

Additionally, vitamin IV therapy allows larger quantities of vitamins to enter your system than can be safely tolerated orally. The “concentration gradient” allows these vitamins and nutrients to be absorbed rapidly and efficiently and to transfer nutrients directly into your cells, yielding optimal results.

All IV infusion therapy and vitamin injections are administered from the comfort of our office here at French Radiance Esthetics. The exact length of an IV therapy session varies depending on the type of infusion selected by each patient, as well as how many injections are administered. Vitamin injections can usually be administered fairly quickly, but infusion therapy usually takes a little more time.

 

You may feel a slight pinching sensation caused by the needle around the site of the injection, but you should not feel any irritation or negative effects after the injection is complete and should be able to walk out of the office and go about your day feeling great.

 

Everyone will feel the effects of IV infusion therapy a little differently. What you experience after a treatment will depend on the specific drip chosen and your specific body composition.

 

However, nearly everyone enjoys the benefits of IV infusion therapy almost right away, as your body is able to absorb the nutrients immediately. You may need to schedule several sessions to create a longer-lasting effect and more thoroughly cleanse and treat the body.

IV therapy has many benefits to its users. There are no known risks involved with the body’s ability to absorb a high concentration of vitamins and nutrients. However, there are a few minor risks associated with the needle injection itself.

 

Some of these risks and side-effects are comparable to those of having blood drawn for a lab test or having an IV administered during a hospital procedure.

 

As with any similar procedure, there is a small risk that a vein wall could be perforated or ruptured by the needle due to vascular fragility. This can result in fluid leakage to the surrounding area and may temporarily cause slight swelling or bruising around the site of the injection; you may also experience a slight burning sensation surrounding the needle, which will dissipate when the IV is moved to another vein.

 

If you have small or hard-to-locate veins or have experienced any previous difficulty with other intravenous injections or getting blood drawn, you may not be a good candidate for IV infusion.

There are countless health benefits and reasons to think about having B12 injections. B12 is a vitamin responsible for maintaining healthy nerve and blood cells. It helps make DNA and genetic material in all cells, prevents certain types of anemia, and helps maintain productive energy levels.

Vitamin B12 can also benefit other areas, including:

 

  • Beauty
  • Energy
  • Metabolism
  • Immunity
  • Recovery

The French Radiance Esthetic Pure Hydration infusion is beneficial to everyone. This infusion is especially popular amongst professional athletes when refueling after a competition.

 

It is a great option for restoring hydration and jump-starting muscle recovery after a grueling athletic event, triathlon, or an extra intense workout. Pure Hydration is also helpful in treating headaches, dizziness, dry skin, exhaustion, and hangovers, by supplying your body with the fluids and electrolytes needed to restore balance.

Building and supporting a healthy immune system is crucial to staying healthy. Our special immune-boosting IV vitamin C therapy infusion is filled with the perfect blend of vitamins to help fend off cold and flu symptoms during flu season, fight fatigue, speed up recovery time, and maintain good immune health.

The Well-being infusion is a carefully blended vitamin cocktail intended to give you more energy, support overall well-being and health, and generate good internal balance.

The Well-being infusion drip is a special blend of magnesium, zinc, and Dexpanthenol,

 

which together help:

 

  • Reduce fatigue.
  • Promote muscle recovery.
  • Improve the quality of sleep.
  • Contribute to metabolism.
  • Strengthen bones.
  • Repair skin and keeps it supple.

V Glow is a vitamin infusion carefully blended specifically for women who are pregnant or nursing. This infusion has a high concentration of the vitamins and nutrients most active in supporting a healthy pregnancy and a healthy baby.

 

This infusion will also promote healthy skin, hair, and nails to make you glow with radiance.

Many people have often wondered, do IV drips work for hangovers?

 

The answer is a resounding YES. 

 

Have you ever woken up after a long night of celebrating and felt so thirsty that no amount of water could quench it?

 

A night of fun and drinks, no matter how enjoyable, can be rough on the body. Alcohol has a severely dehydrating effect, which commonly leads to nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and headaches—in other words, a hangover. Rehydrating and detoxifying your body with this rehydration infusion therapy tonic will allow you to bounce back more quickly and reclaim the day!

This special vitamin blend improves your body’s metabolic function and increases fat burning. Skinny Me infusion also supports the liver by providing coenzymes that help it break down fats more quickly and efficiently.

This is a special formula invented by Baltimore Physician John Myer. This nutrient-dense cocktail consists of vitamins B and C, along with other essential nutrients. This cocktail is often used to treat a variety of conditions, including asthma, chronic fatigue syndrome, and fibromyalgia.

 

Myer’s Cocktail is an effective way to quickly give your body critical nutrients and hydration to promote general health and well-being.

MEDICAL IV

  • Quick infusion (usually 2–10 min)
  • Simple method for patient to learn
  • Minimal impact on ADLs
  • Ideal for once-daily dosing
  • No extra supplies required (extensions, IV poles, batteries, etc)
  • May have compliance issues if dosing multiple times per day
  • Unable to use this method in pediatric population
  • Excludes several common medications such as carbapenem antibiotics
  • Portable
  • Minimal impact on ADLs
  • No extra supplies required (extensions, IV poles, batteries, etc)
  • Has fixed rates to eliminate the need for preprogramming
  • Not suitable for extended infusions (not commercially available for extended infusion times of 3–4 h per dose. This differs from a continuous infusion where the patient continuously receives the medication at a steady rate and a bag change is required every 24 h.
  • Single-dose containers, which may require multiple interactions with venous access throughout the day
  • If not a compounded medication pursuant to USP <797>, no refrigeration is required
  • Air removal not necessary as the medication is infused via gravity
  • High degree of variability in infusion time
    • The medication frequently infuses slower than the corresponding rate on the dial
    • This may require triaging with home infusion company, VNA, or both
  • If multiple bags are required per day, the patient will be significantly impacted
  • Unable to use this method in pediatric population
  • Portable
  • Multidose bags infuse over 24-h period
  • Ideal for medications that require multiple doses throughout the day (eg, penicillins)
  • May run into pump alarm issues that will warrant nursing intervention or a replacement pump
  • Majority of patients do not want to be hooked up to a pump 24 h per day
  • Not to be infused through a peripheral IV
  • If not a compounded medication pursuant to USP <797>, no refrigeration is required
  • Rapid infusion rates for high-volume bags
    • Depending on the model of the stationary pump, possible rates of 800–1000 mL/h
  • More accurate delivery time than gravity infusions
  • Not portable—patient immobile throughout infusion
  • Very heavy and difficult to lift and position on the pole
  • Air sensor alarm may halt infusion, requiring intervention by the home infusion company and/or the VNA
  • Not to be infused through a peripheral IV

Iron-deficiency anemia occurs when the blood doesn’t make enough healthy red blood cells. This, in turn, affects the amount of oxygen received throughout your body.

 

It’s caused by not consuming enough iron through your diet, an inability to absorb iron, pregnancy, or losing large amounts of blood.

 

Common symptoms of the condition include:

 

  • Shortness of breath
  • Fatigue
  • Dizziness
  • Lightheadedness
  • Headaches
  • Nails that are prone to breakage
  • Weakness

Infusion therapy delivers iron directly into your bloodstream. This means you get faster, more effective results — which is preferred to treat people with severe iron deficiencies.

 

It’s also an ideal alternative for people who cannot take oral medications or for people whose digestive system is failing to absorb iron. Additionally, it’s the best way to increase iron levels to avoid complications from a blood transfusion.

 

Soon after starting a transfusion, you’ll feel like you can breathe easier, as well as experience increased energy levels. Benefits may last for several months.

Some people do not experience side effects. Those who do may feel any of the following:

 

  • Itchiness
  • Burning sensation at the site of the injection
  • Headache
  • Temporary changes in the taste of food and drinks
  • Increased heart rate

In rare instances, a person may experience iron toxicity. Symptoms of this complication include anaphylactic shock, severe low blood pressure, and loss of consciousness.

Your doctor will give you specific instructions for preparing for your first iron infusion treatment.

 

Some basic things you can do to prepare on the day of your infusion include:

 

  • eat your breakfast and lunch, as there is no need to fast for an iron infusion
  • take your regular medications
  • be prepared to have a small IV drip put in your arm or hand
  • know how to call for help during your infusion in case you have an adverse reaction

You may feel nervous about your iron infusion. You can help reduce any anxieties by talking about the procedure with your doctor first. They can recommend ways to help you stay comfortable and relaxed during the procedure.

An iron infusion usually takes place at a hospital or hemodialysis center. A doctor or other healthcare provider, such as a nurse, will use a needle to insert a small tube into a vein.

 

This small tube is known as a catheter. It’s usually put into a vein in your arm or hand. Then, the healthcare provider will remove the needle, leaving the catheter in your vein.

 

The catheter is attached to a long tube, which is connected to an IV bag of the iron. The iron has been diluted with a saline solution. This solution is either pumped into your vein or uses gravity to slowly drip down the tube and into your vein.

An iron infusion can take up to 3 or 4 hours. You should expect to remain seated for this time. In some cases, the infusion may take a little longer, depending on the level of treatment your doctor thinks you need. The slow infusion rate helps prevent complications.

 

It often takes several iron infusions to bring the body’s iron levels up to the appropriate levels. You will receive iron infusions over the course of one or a few weeks for your treatments. Iron infusions take time and can be more expensive than other types of anemia treatments.

A rare but serious complication from iron infusions is iron toxicity. The symptoms of iron toxicity may come on quickly, which can cause anaphylactic shock. Or they may come on slowly over time. Iron toxicity that develops over time leads to too much iron in the body’s tissues.

 

The test dose and the slow infusion rate are both done to prevent this complication. The test dose is also important if you have a history of multiple drug allergies. Your doctor will use the test dose to monitor you for any reactions.

 

These reactions can include:

 

  • anaphylaxis
  • shock
  • severe hypotension (low blood pressure)
  • collapse
  • loss of consciousness

Iron infusions - involve delivering a dose of iron through the vein with an IV drip. Iron injections involve injecting iron into a muscle with a needle. The injection is usually done into the buttocks. Iron infusions may take up to several hours, whereas iron injections deliver a whole dose immediately.

 

Iron injection -tend to be less painful than iron injections. Injections can also cause intramuscular bleeding and orange discoloration. Because of these possible complications, doctors often favor iron infusions over iron injections as treatment for iron deficiency anemia.

A pregnant woman’s need for iron increases as her fetus develops. As the fetus absorbs iron from her body, the mother’s iron levels may drop, resulting in anemia. For that reason, doctors sometimes order iron infusions for pregnant women.

 

Infusions are often preferred over oral iron supplements because taking it by mouth can cause gastrointestinal side effects.

 

However, iron infusions are usually reserved for the second or third trimester of pregnancy. It’s not yet known if it is safe to administer iron infusions during the first trimester.

An iron infusion is a way to increase the body’s iron levels quickly. It’s a more immediate treatment than supplements or dietary changes. This can be very helpful in situations where anemia is severe.

 

The physical benefits of an iron infusion include increased energy and easier breathing. You should start feeling these benefits a few weeks after your final infusion treatment. How long these benefits last depends on the cause of your iron deficiency anemia and whether or not you’re using any other therapies to increase your iron levels.

 

For example, regular blood loss, such as through menstruation, may lead to a chronic drop in iron levels. Depending on your situation, the benefits of an iron infusion may last anywhere from several months to a few years.

IV fluids are liquids injected into a person’s veins through an IV (intravenous) tube.

They prevent or treat dehydration and electrolyte imbalances.

Water is essential to every cell in our bodies. In fact, our bodies are made up of about 60% water.

 

When you don’t have enough water in your body, that’s called dehydration. A person needs IV fluids when they become dangerously dehydrated.

 

Serious dehydration may occur when you:

 

  • Are sick (vomiting and diarrhea).
  • Exercise too much or spend too much time in the heat without drinking enough.
  • Have a serious injury or burns.
  • Have surgery, especially when you’re asleep for a long time or are unable to eat or drink.

When you are dehydrated, it can affect:

 

  • Balance of important minerals (electrolytes) in the body.
  • Cognitive (mental) performance.
  • Energy level.
  • Gastrointestinal function (your ability to digest food and create pee and poop).
  • Headache frequency and intensity.
  • Many organs, including the kidneys, heart and brain.
  • Physical performance.
  • Skin health.

Signs of severe dehydration include:

  • Dizziness.
  • Dry eyes (no tears).
  • Dry lips and tongue.
  • Dry, wrinkly or blotchy skin.
  • Fatigue (feeling tired).
  • Fast breathing.
  • Hands and feet that are cool to the touch or blotchy looking.
  • Less pee than usual (fewer than four times per day).
  • Pee that is dark yellow and smells strong.

There are different kinds of IV fluids. Your healthcare provider will decide which type is right for you, depending on why you need them.

 

Crystalloid solutions - These are the most common types of IV fluid. They contain small dissolved molecules that pass easily from the bloodstream into tissues and cells.

Examples include normal saline, which is salt in water, and D5W, which is dextrose (sugar) in water. Another example is lactated Ringer’s, which contains sodium, chloride, potassium, calcium and lactate. It’s used for aggressive fluid replacement.

 

Colloids - These are large molecules that can’t easily pass through cell membranes and are more likely to stay in the blood vessels. Examples include albumin and hetastarch.

If you need IV fluids, a healthcare provider will:

 

  • Decide the type of IV fluid you need.
  • Determine the amount of fluid you need and how quickly. This is based on many factors, including your weight, age and medical conditions.
  • Disinfect (clean) the skin where the IV will go, usually on the inside of the elbow or on top of the hand.
  • Tie an elastic band (tourniquet) around your arm to make blood fill the veins.
  • Examine the veins to find the exact insertion site.
  • Slide a sterile needle into the vein, which may pinch. The needle will have a small plastic tube at the other end.
  • Remove the tourniquet.
  • Place a small plastic attachment onto the tube.
  • Test the tube to make sure a little bit of fluid can go in.
  • Tape the IV needle to your arm so that it stays in place.
  • Attach the small tube to a longer tube, and then attach it to a bag of fluids.
  • Hang the bag from a hook on a tall stand (called an IV stand).
  • Turn on a machine that will pump the fluid into the IV line.
  • Check your IV line regularly and monitor the amount of fluid entering your body.

The IV also may be used to deliver medications or nutrition.

IV fluids can make you feel better very quickly. But your healthcare providers will determine when you can stop receiving intravenous fluids.

IV rehydration is a common, simple and safe procedure that can make you feel better quickly and help save your life if you are seriously ill.

But rare complications can occur, including:

 

  • Air embolism: An air embolism, or gas embolism, occurs when an IV pushes too much air into the vein. It’s rare but can have serious consequences, including possible death.
  • Collapsed vein: Sometimes, the vein collapses when the needle is inserted or when an IV is in place for a long period of time. If this happens, your healthcare provider will try to find another vein to use. There are many other veins to take over for the collapsed vein.
  • Fluid overload: If too much fluid is given too quickly, you can experience headache, high blood pressure and trouble breathing. This usually resolves quickly with an adjustment to fluid levels. But it can be dangerous.
  • Hematoma: A hematoma occurs when blood leaks from the blood vessel into nearby tissues. It looks like a bad bruise and usually goes away in a few weeks.
  • Infection: If the area is not clean when the needle is inserted, infection may occur. Your healthcare provider can usually treat infections with antibiotics.
  • Infiltration: If the needle moves or gets dislodged, fluids can enter tissues around the vein. This may cause stinging and bruising, but it’s typically easy to resolve.
  • Phlebitis: Phlebitis occurs when the vein becomes swollen because of the IV. It’s one of the more common complications, but it’s usually easily treatable by removing the IV, applying a warm compress and elevating the arm.

Many people don’t need recovery time or have any restrictions after receiving IV fluids.

 

However, you may need other treatments or additional rest depending on the reason you needed rehydration in the first place.

For example, if you had vomiting or diarrhea due to infection, you might need to take medicines afterward. If you had surgery, you might have certain restrictions while you heal.

Ask your healthcare provider about your recovery and restrictions.

Immunoglobulin (IG) replacement therapy is a blood-based treatment. The immunoglobulin contains antibodies which will help fight infection.

 

You have been recommended this treatment because your doctors have found that your immune system (or your child’s immune system) is not making antibodies. Immunoglobulin can be given intravenously or subcutaneously.

Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) has been in use since the 1970s and involves giving immunoglobulin straight into the circulation system by a needle in a vein. Quite large amounts of immunoglobulin can be given this way and for this reason, treatment is only needed every three weeks or so, with each treatment lasting between two and four hours.

 

If you have side effects with IVIG it is usually because it is being given too quickly. Initially you would have treatment in hospital, but most people can be trained to have it at home.

 

Subcutaneous immunoglobulin (SCIG) has been developed more recently than IVIG, with new immunoglobulin preparations being produced extensively for subcutaneous use by 2005. In SCIG, immunoglobulin is delivered by a needle into the fatty tissues under the skin, where it enters the circulation slowly over a few days.

 

There isn’t much room under the skin, so the dose of immunoglobulin given is smaller than with IVIG. For this reason, SCIG is usually given every week. Nearly everybody on SCIG learns how to have treatment at home, with each session lasting up to about two hours.

Your immunology team will give you the information to help you decide which treatment you will have. 

You might want to consider the following factors:

 

  • If you have really ‘bad’ veins, then IVIG is not be your best option
  • If you want to take ownership of your illness, then SCIG may be the best choice because you will probably learn how to have home therapy faster. 
  • Infusion-related side-effects are more common with IVIG than SCIG and can be related to the volume and rate of infusion.

Your immunology centre will be able to offer you either treatment depending on these factors and your personal choice. Across the UK about 60 per cent of people with immune deficiency are on IVIG.

Immunoglobulin is made from donated blood plasma. During manufacture everything except a type of immunoglobulin called IgG is removed from the plasma. IgG is very good at fighting bacteria and viruses.

 

IgG has other effects too, so it isn’t just used for people with immune deficiency. You might hear about immunoglobulin being used in some people with other immune (autoimmune) problems.

Immune deficient patients are at a greater risk of infection than others. Clinical trials have shown that for people with immune deficiency, immunoglobulin treatments result in fewer infections, and those infections that do occur tend to be less serious.

 

There is also evidence that people with immune deficiency are more likely to enjoy good health over many years if they receive immunoglobulin correctly. Finally, your wellbeing and your energy levels are likely to be better if you are on immunoglobulin.

 

Please note that it may take several months before you feel these benefits.

Your immunologist will only recommend starting immunoglobulin if you have had tests which confirm it is the right treatment for you. In cases of severe immune deficiency, only a couple of blood tests are required before the doctor will recommend immunoglobulin.

 

Fortunately, most people have mild immune deficiency and in this situation the doctor might try other treatments before immunoglobulin. For example, the immunologist might try giving you vaccines and checking how well you respond. This 'vaccine challenge' can take several weeks, as you have to have the vaccine, wait a few weeks before the blood tests and then get the results. 

 

Your immunologist might suggest taking regular antibiotics for a few months and seeing how well these protect you from infection. This can be done whilst you are waiting the results of a vaccine challenge.

Most people do not have reactions to immunoglobulins. This is why it is safe to go on to home therapy.

 

The reactions that do sometimes happen include rashes, temperature, shivering or itching. You can also get a headache with immunoglobulin, although this tends to happen the next day.

 

When reactions do happen, there is usually one of two factors responsible:

 

  • Immunoglobulin is given too fast for the individual concerned. This is most likely to happen with IVIG because a larger dose is being given. If you have a reaction during an infusion, the first thing to do is slow the infusion right down and consider stopping it if the symptoms do not improve rapidly. Once recovered, you should record the details of the reaction in order to inform your clinical immunology team.
  • Immunoglobulin is given at a time when there is an infection. If you have a cold or a chest infection on the day of your infusion, you are more likely to have a reaction. Immunology teams will help you recognise the symptoms of infection, so that you can delay your infusion by a couple of days if necessary. Because immunoglobulin treatment takes a few months to reduce the risk of infections, this is most likely to happen when you have just started immunoglobulin.

Immunoglobulin is made from blood donations. Several thousand blood donations are pooled in the process. For these reasons there is always a possibility of catching an infection from one of the blood donors.

 

No one has ever caught HIV or hepatitis B from immunoglobulin therapy. In the 1990s, a small number of people caught hepatitis C from immunoglobulin. These days, blood donors are selected very carefully and the manufacturing process contains steps to remove viruses and bacteria.

 

There have been no cases of infection being spread from person to person by immunoglobulin since the 1990s.

 

There are two theoretical risks from immunoglobulin. The first is from prion infection. Prions cause BSE (mad cow disease) and variant CJD, mainly in the UK. Prions have been spread from person to person by blood transfusions but never by immunoglobulin.

 

The other risk is of new infections that start to affect humans, either because of global climate change or change in behavior (e.g. feeding sheep to cows, in the case of BSE). One example of this is a virus that affected people in New York and entered the blood supply there.

The first step the manufacturers take is to get to know the blood donors really well.  Manufacturers insist that their donors donate regularly. 

 

Each time a donor attends the blood centre they are asked a lot of questions, ranging from their sex lives to any recent travel. They then donate the blood as well as having a series of blood tests to make sure they don’t have an infection. The blood is not released for processing until the blood tests have come back negative. 

 

The second step is that the plasma is treated in a few different ways to get rid of infection. Depending on the manufacturer, the plasma will get a combination of heat treatment (pasteurisation), addition of solvent detergent, and nano-filtration with or without UV light treatment.

 

Donor centres and immunoglobulin manufacturers have very high standards for minimizing the risk of infection getting into the immunoglobulin supply. Donor centers and manufacturers are inspected regularly and will be closed down if there is any hint of a problem.

The exact protocol for follow-up varies between centres and will also vary depending on your particular situation. You could expect to be seen at least two or three times a year.

 

Sometimes follow-up will be done by a specialist trainee doctor or a specially trained nurse if it is a recognized teaching center. You might be asked to bring along the details of your infusions, including the number of batches and possibly a diary of any infections you have had.

 

You might expect to be assessed from the following points of view:

 

Is the treatment working?

 

  • Are you still having infections?
  • Have you had to have antibiotics, take days off work or even go into hospital?
  • Are you getting the correct amount of immunoglobulin (checked by doing a blood test)?
  • Are your lungs healthy? You might have breathing tests or a CT scan of your lungs.

 

Are there any problems?

 

  • Have you had any reactions? What caused them?
  • A blood sample may be taken for liver tests and a sample frozen in case it needs testing for infection at a later date.
  • You might be offered a technique review if you are on home therapy.

 

Has anything else changed?

 

  • Have you had any other complications of immune deficiency?
  • Are there any new treatments or tests that should be considered?
  • Do you still understand why you are on immunoglobulin and what the possible risks are?

Immunoglobulin is manufactured in batches. Several thousand donations of plasma are pooled in each batch.

 

Very occasionally there are problems with some batches. For example, recently one batch of immunoglobulin caused some people to get an itchy rash.

 

Because it was possible to see which batch was causing the rash, replacement immunoglobulin could be sent out quickly.

The tests you had before starting immunoglobulin were designed to check whether you would need immunoglobulin for life. However, sometimes immunoglobulin is recommended for people whose immune deficiency may only be temporary.

 

This can happen in small babies or when the immune system had been damaged by medications, for example. It’s also possible you were given immunoglobulin for a condition that is no longer regarded as needing immunoglobulin.

 

In these situations there are blood tests that can be done to check how well your immune system is working.

 

If you do stop immunoglobulin, your immunology team will monitor you closely.

There are about half a dozen immunoglobulin manufacturers and the different IVIG and SCIG products available vary slightly.

 

However, each manufacturer must follow international standards on product safety.

 

The blood donor centers and manufacturing plants of all the different companies are inspected from time to time.

In the past, supplies of immunoglobulin from different manufacturers have been withdrawn from time to time.

 

This has happened because, for example, a batch of immunoglobulin has caused a reaction, such as an itchy rash. Another problem is that immunoglobulin is being used to treat many more different diseases, not just immune deficiency.

 

Immunoglobulin costs more in some countries, so manufacturers make a greater profit in different parts of the world.

 

In the past, there have been occasions when supplies of an immunoglobulin product became very low. People on an affected product had to switch to a different one at very short notice.

 

For these reasons, the UK Government has taken steps to ensure we have a good supply of immunoglobulin at a national level.

 

These steps include negotiating immunoglobulin prices and supplies with the manufacturer.

 

The Department of Health also runs a scheme to make sure that if a crisis develops, immunoglobulin is reserved for patients who really need it, particularly people with immune deficiency.

Your immunology team will be accredited as a home therapy training center and will not allow you to go onto home therapy until you are safe.

 

 You might have to do a short exam! Once you are on immunoglobulin at home, your team will want to do an assessment every so often.

 

Your assessment will happen either at home, or at the hospital.

Your immunology team will give you contact details which you can use if a problem arises at home; for example, if you think you have an infection and you want advice about delaying immunoglobulin treatment. 

 

Some immunology centres offer this service during office hours only. This means you might want to plan your infusions for during the week until you have some confidence.

 

You can also call your immunology centre if you have other concerns that might be to do with immune deficiency.

Commonly treated chronic inflammatory disorders with infusion therapies: 

 

  • Ankylosing spondylitis

  • Crohn’s disease

  • Juvenile idiopathic arthritis

  • Plaque psoriasis

  • Psoriatic arthritis

  • Rheumatoid arthritis

  • Ulcerative colitis

  • Uveitis

Antifungals are medicines that kill or stop the growth of fungi (the plural of fungus) that cause infections.

 

They are also called antimycotic agents.

Fungal infections can affect the:

  • Circulatory system.
  • Respiratory system.
  • Skin and nails.

Fungi grow as yeasts, molds or a combination of both. They reproduce through very tiny spores. These spores can exist in soil or become airborne.

 

You can also have naturally occurring fungi, like Candida yeast, in your body. Fungi live on your skin, inside your digestive system and vagina (part of the female reproductive system).

Anyone can get a fungal infection. Most fungi cause no problems or the infections are easily treatable.

 

People who have compromised immune systems are more likely to develop serious fungal infections. These infections are called opportunistic infections.

 

They can be life-threatening for people who have:

 

  • AIDS.
  • Autoimmune diseases like lupus.
  • Cancer.
  • Organ transplants.
  • Stem cell (bone marrow) transplants.

Antifungals treat these types of fungal skin infections:

 

  • Athlete’s foot, jock itch and ringworm.
  • Dandruff (seborrheic dermatitis).
  • Fingernail infection or toenail fungus.
  • Thrush and esophageal candidiasis (yeast infection in the mouth, throat or esophagus).
  • Vaginitis and vaginal yeast infection.

Antifungals also treat more dangerous fungal infections like:

 

  • Aspergillosis, pneumocystis pneumonia and Valley fever (lung infections).
  • Candidemia (blood infection).
  • Meningitis (brain infection).
  • Ocular histoplasmosis syndrome (eye infection).
  • Rhinosinusitis (sinus infection).

Antifungal medicines can kill a fungus. Or they may stop it from multiplying or growing.

There are several classes of antifungal medications and different types of medicines. Your healthcare provider will select the best prescription medicine.

 

Or they may guide you to an effective over-the-counter (OTC) treatment. Options include:

 

  • Azoles (fluconazole or Diflucan®), synthetic (human-made) antifungals that keep fungi from growing.
  • Echinocandins (micafungin or Mycamine®), newer semi-synthetic antifungals that attack and damage the fungus wall.
  • Polyenes (nystatin or Bio-Statin®), organic (naturally occurring) antifungal treatments that destroy the fungus cell.

There are OTC and prescription antifungal medicines. Talk to your healthcare provider about what treatment to use.

 

Antifungals come in different forms, including:

 

  • Injections (shots) or IV.
  • Oral pills or liquids.
  • Topical (skin) creams, ointments, gels and sprays.
  • Vaginal suppositories.

Treatment length varies depending on the fungal infection. Some fungal skin infections like ringworm clear up in a few weeks.

 

But it can take months or years to clear up some fungal nail, blood and lung infections.

Side effects from antifungals vary. Results depend on the type of drug, dosage (strength) and fungus. You may experience:

 

  • Abdominal pain, upset stomach and diarrhea.
  • Itchy skin, burning sensation or skin rash.

Rarely, an antifungal drug may cause serious problems like:

 

  • Liver damage (jaundice).
  • Severe allergic reactions like anaphylaxis.
  • Severe allergic skin reactions, such as blisters and peeling skin.

Medication safety depends on the antifungal drug. Breastfeeding infants who develop thrush (an oral yeast infection) can get antifungal mouth drops.

 

Their moms also need treatment, typically with an antifungal skin cream. Your healthcare provider can determine whether it’s OK for you or your child to take an antifungal medicine.

Antifungal resistance means a fungus no longer responds to treatment. This response makes the fungal infection harder to treat.

 

Some fungi are naturally resistant to certain antifungals. Fungi may also develop resistance when you use antifungal medicine for a long time. Skipping doses, stopping treatment too soon or receiving a too-low dose can also lead to antifungal resistance.

 

A note from Cleveland Clinic

 

Antifungal medications treat fungal infections that affect the skin, nails, lungs and other organs. Some fungal infections clear up in a few weeks. Others may need months of treatment.

 

Taking antifungal medicines for an extended period or failing to complete the prescribed treatment may lead to antifungal resistance.

Intravenous therapy (or IV care) is used to help maintain the right fluid balance, to monitor drug effectiveness, to treat infection, and to relieve pain. IV therapy consists of using liquids that are introduced directly into a vein.

 

The treatment can be intermittent or continuous and is the fastest method for delivering pharmaceuticals to a patient.

 

Some of the therapies that can be administered via IV are:

 

  • Nutritional therapy
  • Parenteral nutrition management (TPN/PPN)
  • Pain management
  • Hydration management
  • Anti-viral therapy
  • Anti-fungal therapy

Intravenous or IV infusion therapy may be needed for patients who require help maintaining the right fluid balance, monitoring drug effectiveness, treating infection, or relieving pain.

Generations at Applewood has experienced staff that ensure you receive compassionate care. Our highly trained nurses work closely with our patients’ physicians to speed recovery and maximize comfort.

 

Our program includes:

 

  • Individualized care plans
  • Trained staff available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week
  • Intravenous (IV) services
  • Medication administration
  • Assistance with activities of daily living

HOME HOSPICE CARE

Home hospice care Home hospice care is a specialized type of care provided to individuals with terminal illnesses who have a life expectancy of six months or less. It focuses on enhancing the quality of life for patients in the final stages of their illness by providing comfort, support, and specialized medical care in the familiar and supportive environment of their own home. Here are some key aspects of home hospice care:
  1. Comfort and Support: The primary goal of home hospice care is to provide comfort and support to patients with terminal illnesses. This includes managing symptoms such as pain, nausea, shortness of breath, and fatigue to improve the patient's quality of life.
  2. Multidisciplinary Team: Home hospice care involves a multidisciplinary team of healthcare professionals who work together to provide comprehensive care to patients and their families. This team typically includes doctors, nurses, social workers, chaplains, and volunteers who specialize in hospice and palliative care.
  3. Medical Care: Home hospice care provides specialized medical care tailored to meet the individual needs of each patient. This may include pain management, medication management, wound care, and other treatments to address the patient's symptoms and improve their comfort.
  4. Emotional and Spiritual Support: Home hospice care offers emotional and spiritual support to patients and their families throughout the end-of-life journey. This includes counseling, bereavement support, assistance with end-of-life planning, and support for spiritual and religious needs.
  5. Family Involvement: Home hospice care involves the active involvement of family members and caregivers in the care process. Family members are encouraged to participate in decision-making, provide care and support to the patient, and receive education and resources to help them navigate the challenges of caregiving.
  6. Bereavement Support: Home hospice care extends beyond the patient's death to provide bereavement support for family members. This includes ongoing support and resources to help family members cope with grief and loss after the patient's passing.
Overall, home hospice care offers compassionate and personalized support to individuals with terminal illnesses and their families, allowing patients to remain in the comfort of their own home while receiving specialized medical care and support during the final stages of their illness.

Hospice provides care at home through a multidisciplinary team of healthcare professionals who collaborate to address the physical, emotional, and spiritual needs of patients and their families. Here's how hospice care is typically provided at home:

  1. Initial Assessment: The process usually begins with an initial assessment by a hospice team member, often a nurse or social worker, who visits the patient's home to evaluate their needs, preferences, and goals of care. This assessment helps determine the appropriate level of hospice services and develop a personalized care plan.

  2. Care Plan Development: Based on the assessment, the hospice team develops a comprehensive care plan tailored to meet the individual needs of the patient and family. The care plan outlines specific goals of care, interventions, and services to address the patient's symptoms, manage pain, and provide emotional and spiritual support.

  3. Regular Visits: Hospice team members, including nurses, aides, social workers, chaplains, and volunteers, make regular visits to the patient's home to provide care and support according to the established care plan. These visits may vary in frequency and duration depending on the patient's needs and condition.

  4. Medical Care: Hospice nurses provide skilled medical care, including medication management, wound care, and monitoring of vital signs. They also assess and manage the patient's symptoms, such as pain, nausea, shortness of breath, and fatigue, to ensure comfort and quality of life.

  5. Pain Management: Controlling pain is a crucial aspect of hospice care. The hospice team works closely with the patient's healthcare provider to develop an effective pain management plan, which may include medications, therapies, and other interventions to alleviate pain and discomfort.

  6. Symptom Management: In addition to pain management, hospice addresses other symptoms and side effects of the patient's illness, such as nausea, vomiting, constipation, anxiety, and depression. The hospice team collaborates to manage these symptoms effectively and improve the patient's overall well-being.

  7. Emotional and Spiritual Support: Hospice provides emotional and spiritual support to patients and their families through counseling, therapy, and chaplaincy services. The hospice team offers compassionate listening, guidance, and assistance with coping strategies to address the emotional and spiritual challenges of facing a terminal illness.

  8. Family Education and Support: Hospice educates and supports family members and caregivers in providing care to the patient at home. They offer training on caregiving tasks, assistance with navigating the healthcare system, and emotional support to help family members cope with the challenges of caregiving and grief.

  9. 24/7 On-Call Support: Hospice provides 24/7 on-call support to patients and families for urgent needs and concerns outside of regular business hours. A hospice nurse or other team member is available by phone to provide guidance, support, and assistance as needed.

  10. Bereavement Support: Hospice extends support to family members after the patient's death through bereavement services. This may include counseling, support groups, memorial services, and resources to help family members cope with grief and loss.

Overall, hospice provides comprehensive care and support to patients and their families in the comfort and familiarity of their own home, focusing on enhancing quality of life, managing symptoms, and providing compassionate end-of-life care.

Home hospice care is provided by a multidisciplinary team of healthcare professionals who collaborate to meet the physical, emotional, and spiritual needs of patients and their families. The team typically includes the following members:

  1. Hospice Nurses: Registered nurses (RNs) play a central role in home hospice care. They provide skilled nursing care, assess the patient's condition, manage symptoms, administer medications, perform treatments, and coordinate care with other team members and healthcare providers.

  2. Certified Nursing Assistants (CNAs) or Home Health Aides: CNAs or home health aides assist with personal care tasks such as bathing, grooming, dressing, and toileting. They also provide support with activities of daily living and help ensure the patient's comfort and well-being.

  3. Social Workers: Social workers provide emotional support, counseling, and assistance with practical matters such as advance care planning, financial issues, and accessing community resources. They also help patients and families navigate the emotional and psychosocial aspects of facing a terminal illness.

  4. Chaplains or Spiritual Counselors: Chaplains or spiritual counselors offer spiritual and religious support to patients and families, respecting their beliefs and providing comfort and guidance during difficult times. They may offer prayer, religious rituals, or simply a listening ear to address spiritual needs.

  5. Volunteers: Trained volunteers play a valuable role in home hospice care by providing companionship, emotional support, and assistance with non-medical tasks such as running errands, preparing meals, or providing respite care for family caregivers.

  6. Physicians and Nurse Practitioners: Hospice physicians or nurse practitioners oversee the medical care of patients in home hospice care. They collaborate with the hospice team to develop and implement the patient's care plan, manage symptoms, prescribe medications, and address medical needs.

  7. Therapists: Depending on the patient's needs, therapists such as physical therapists, occupational therapists, or speech-language pathologists may be involved in home hospice care to provide rehabilitation, mobility assistance, or communication support.

  8. Bereavement Counselors: Bereavement counselors provide support and counseling to family members and caregivers after the patient's death. They offer guidance, resources, and coping strategies to help individuals navigate the grieving process and adjust to life after loss.

Overall, home hospice care is provided by a dedicated and compassionate team of healthcare professionals who work together to ensure the comfort, dignity, and quality of life of patients and their families during the end-of-life journey.

Home hospice care helps patients in several ways, focusing on enhancing their comfort, dignity, and quality of life during the final stages of their illness. Here are some ways in which home hospice care supports patients:

  1. Pain and Symptom Management: Home hospice care prioritizes effective pain management and symptom control to alleviate discomfort and improve the patient's quality of life. Skilled nurses assess the patient's symptoms regularly, adjust medications as needed, and provide supportive therapies to manage pain, nausea, shortness of breath, and other distressing symptoms.

  2. Personalized Care: Home hospice care is tailored to meet the individual needs, preferences, and goals of each patient. The care plan is personalized based on the patient's condition, symptoms, and wishes, ensuring that care is delivered in a manner that respects the patient's autonomy and dignity.

  3. Emotional and Psychosocial Support: Home hospice care provides emotional and psychosocial support to help patients cope with the challenges of facing a terminal illness. Social workers, counselors, and chaplains offer counseling, companionship, and spiritual care to address the patient's emotional and spiritual needs and promote emotional well-being.

  4. Family Involvement: Home hospice care involves family members and caregivers in the care process, empowering them to provide support and assistance to the patient. Family members receive education, training, and resources to help them understand the patient's condition, provide care, and cope with the emotional and practical challenges of caregiving.

  5. Comfort and Dignity: Home hospice care focuses on ensuring that patients are comfortable and maintain their dignity throughout the end-of-life journey. Nurses and caregivers help with personal care tasks, maintain hygiene, and create a peaceful and supportive environment that promotes comfort and dignity.

  6. Holistic Support: Home hospice care takes a holistic approach to care, addressing the physical, emotional, social, and spiritual needs of patients. The multidisciplinary hospice team collaborates to provide comprehensive support that considers all aspects of the patient's well-being and enhances their overall quality of life.

  7. Coordination of Care: Home hospice care coordinates care among different healthcare providers involved in the patient's care, ensuring seamless transitions and continuity of care. The hospice team communicates regularly with the patient's primary care provider, specialists, and other healthcare professionals to optimize the patient's care plan and address any changes in their condition.

Overall, home hospice care helps patients by providing compassionate, personalized, and holistic support that prioritizes their comfort, dignity, and quality of life during the final stages of their illness.

Yes, hospice care can be provided at a nursing facility, such as a skilled nursing facility or a nursing home. In fact, many hospice patients receive care in nursing facilities when they are no longer able to remain at home or do not have a caregiver available to provide care at home.

When a patient in a nursing facility elects to receive hospice care, the hospice team coordinates closely with the nursing facility staff to ensure that the patient's needs are met and that care is provided in a manner that aligns with the patient's goals and preferences.

The hospice team, which typically includes nurses, aides, social workers, chaplains, and volunteers, works in collaboration with the nursing facility staff to provide comprehensive care to the patient. This may include managing pain and symptoms, providing emotional and spiritual support, assisting with activities of daily living, and coordinating care with the patient's healthcare providers.

By providing hospice care in a nursing facility, patients can receive specialized end-of-life care while remaining in a familiar and supportive environment. This allows patients to benefit from the expertise of both the hospice team and the nursing facility staff, ensuring that their needs are met and that they receive compassionate care during their final days.

Hospice home care employs various strategies to manage pain effectively in patients receiving end-of-life care. The goal is to alleviate pain and improve the patient's quality of life. Here are several ways hospice home care manages pain:

  1. Medication Management: Hospice home care providers work closely with healthcare professionals to prescribe appropriate medications to manage pain effectively. This may include opioid analgesics, non-opioid analgesics, adjuvant medications, and other medications tailored to the patient's specific needs.

  2. Regular Assessment: Hospice nurses conduct regular assessments of the patient's pain, including its intensity, location, and characteristics. Pain assessments are typically performed using standardized pain scales, allowing healthcare providers to monitor changes in pain levels and adjust treatment accordingly.

  3. Individualized Care Plans: Hospice home care providers develop individualized care plans for each patient based on their unique needs and preferences. The care plan outlines specific interventions and strategies to manage pain effectively, taking into account the patient's medical history, diagnosis, response to treatment, and personal goals.

  4. Non-Pharmacological Interventions: In addition to medication management, hospice home care providers may incorporate non-pharmacological interventions to complement pain management strategies. This may include techniques such as massage therapy, relaxation techniques, heat or cold therapy, positioning and mobility techniques, music therapy, and distraction techniques.

  5. Education and Support: Hospice home care providers educate patients and their caregivers about pain management strategies, including the appropriate use of medications, potential side effects, and how to recognize and report changes in pain levels. They provide ongoing support, guidance, and encouragement to patients and their families to ensure effective pain management.

  6. Multidisciplinary Approach: Hospice home care employs a multidisciplinary team approach to pain management, involving healthcare professionals such as nurses, physicians, pharmacists, social workers, and other specialists as needed. The team collaborates to assess, manage, and monitor the patient's pain comprehensively and holistically.

  7. Emotional and Psychosocial Support: Hospice home care providers offer emotional and psychosocial support to patients experiencing pain, as pain management is often intertwined with emotional and psychological factors. They provide counseling, support, and encouragement to help patients cope with pain-related distress and improve their overall well-being.

  8. Family Involvement: Hospice home care encourages the involvement of family members and caregivers in the pain management process. They educate family members about pain management techniques, provide training on administering medications, and offer support to help family members provide effective care and support to the patient.

Overall, hospice home care employs a comprehensive and individualized approach to manage pain effectively in patients receiving end-of-life care. By addressing pain through a combination of medication management, non-pharmacological interventions, education, and support, hospice home care aims to alleviate suffering and enhance the quality of life for patients during their end-of-life journey.

lp with emotional and spiritual support for patients and and bereavement support for family members and caregivers.

Hospice care and home care are two distinct types of care, each serving different purposes and populations. Here are the key differences between hospice care and home care:

  1. Purpose:

    • Hospice Care: Hospice care is specialized care for individuals with a terminal illness who have a prognosis of six months or less to live. The focus of hospice care is on providing comfort, dignity, and quality of life for patients in the final stages of their illness.
    • Home Care: Home care, also known as home health care or in-home care, provides a range of non-medical and medical services to individuals who need assistance with activities of daily living, recovery from illness or injury, or managing chronic conditions. The goal of home care is to help individuals remain independent and safe in their own homes.

  2. Eligibility:

    • Hospice Care: Hospice care is specifically for individuals with a terminal illness who have a prognosis of six months or less to live, as certified by a physician. Patients receiving hospice care have typically stopped receiving curative treatments and are focusing on comfort-focused care.
    • Home Care: Home care is available to individuals of all ages who need assistance with activities of daily living, managing chronic conditions, or recovering from illness or injury. Eligibility for home care may be based on functional limitations, medical needs, or other factors determined by the individual's healthcare provider.

  3. Scope of Services:

    • Hospice Care: Hospice care provides comprehensive services to address the physical, emotional, spiritual, and psychosocial needs of patients with a terminal illness. This may include skilled nursing care, pain management, symptom control, counseling, spiritual support, and assistance with activities of daily living.
    • Home Care: Home care services vary depending on the individual's needs but may include assistance with activities of daily living (such as bathing, dressing, grooming), medication management, meal preparation, light housekeeping, companionship, transportation, and skilled nursing care (such as wound care or medication administration).

  4. Focus of Care:

    • Hospice Care: The focus of hospice care is on providing comfort, dignity, and quality of life for patients in the final stages of their illness. The goal is to manage symptoms, alleviate pain, and support patients and their families emotionally and spiritually during the end-of-life journey.
    • Home Care: The focus of home care is on helping individuals remain independent and safe in their own homes by providing assistance with activities of daily living and other supportive services. Home care may be short-term or long-term, depending on the individual's needs and circumstances.

  5. Timing of Care:

    • Hospice Care: Hospice care is typically provided when curative treatments are no longer effective or appropriate, and the focus shifts to comfort-focused care in the final stages of the patient's illness.
    • Home Care: Home care may be provided on an ongoing basis to individuals who need assistance with activities of daily living, managing chronic conditions, or recovering from illness or injury. It may be short-term (e.g., post-hospitalization or after surgery) or long-term, depending on the individual's needs.

Overall, while both hospice care and home care provide support to individuals in their own homes, hospice care is specifically for individuals with a terminal illness in the final stages of life, while home care is available to individuals of all ages who need assistance with activities of daily living, managing chronic conditions, or recovering from illness or injury.

Home hospice care and palliative care are both types of care provided to individuals with serious illnesses, but there are some key differences between the two:

  1. Goal of Care:

    • Home Hospice Care: Home hospice care is specifically for patients with a terminal illness who have a life expectancy of six months or less. The primary goal of home hospice care is to provide comfort and support to patients in the final stages of their illness, focusing on enhancing their quality of life and managing symptoms.
    • Palliative Care: Palliative care can be provided to patients with serious illnesses at any stage of their illness, regardless of prognosis. The goal of palliative care is to improve the quality of life of patients and their families by addressing physical symptoms, managing pain, and providing emotional, psychosocial, and spiritual support.

  2. Setting of Care:

    • Home Hospice Care: Home hospice care is provided in the patient's home or preferred place of residence, allowing patients to receive end-of-life care in a familiar and comfortable environment surrounded by loved ones.
    • Palliative Care: Palliative care can be provided in various settings, including hospitals, outpatient clinics, long-term care facilities, and sometimes even in the patient's home. Palliative care focuses on improving quality of life and providing support to patients wherever they are receiving treatment.

  3. Eligibility Criteria:

    • Home Hospice Care: Patients receiving home hospice care must have a terminal illness with a life expectancy of six months or less, as certified by a physician.
    • Palliative Care: Palliative care can be provided to patients with serious illnesses at any stage of their illness, regardless of prognosis. There are no specific eligibility criteria based on life expectancy for receiving palliative care.

  4. Scope of Services:

    • Home Hospice Care: Home hospice care provides comprehensive end-of-life care, including medical care, pain management, symptom control, emotional support, spiritual care, and assistance with activities of daily living.
    • Palliative Care: Palliative care provides a broader range of services aimed at improving the quality of life of patients with serious illnesses. This may include managing symptoms, addressing psychosocial and spiritual needs, providing counseling and support, and assisting with decision-making regarding treatment options.

  5. Timing of Care:

    • Home Hospice Care: Home hospice care is typically provided when curative treatments are no longer effective or appropriate, and the focus shifts to providing comfort-focused care in the final stages of the patient's illness.
    • Palliative Care: Palliative care can be provided at any stage of a serious illness, from the time of diagnosis onward, alongside curative or life-prolonging treatments.

Overall, while both home hospice care and palliative care aim to improve the quality of life of patients with serious illnesses, home hospice care is specifically for patients with a terminal illness in the final stages of their life, while palliative care is provided to patients at any stage of their illness to address their physical, emotional, psychosocial, and spiritual needs.

Yes, both Medicare and many private insurance plans typically cover home hospice care and palliative care services, although there may be variations in coverage depending on the specific plan and circumstances. Here's how Medicare and insurance coverage generally work for these types of care:

  1. Medicare Coverage for Home Hospice Care:

    • Medicare Part A covers hospice care for individuals who are eligible for Medicare and have been certified as terminally ill with a life expectancy of six months or less if the disease runs its normal course.
    • Medicare covers hospice care in the patient's home, as well as in a hospice facility, nursing home, or other setting where the patient lives, as long as it is their preferred place of residence.
    • Medicare covers all hospice-related services deemed necessary for the palliation and management of the terminal illness, including physician services, nursing care, medical equipment and supplies, prescription drugs for symptom management and pain relief, and other supportive services.

  2. Private Insurance Coverage for Home Hospice Care:

    • Many private insurance plans, including employer-sponsored health insurance and individual health insurance plans, also cover home hospice care for eligible individuals.
    • Coverage for home hospice care under private insurance plans may vary depending on the specific plan and insurance provider. It's important to check with your insurance company to understand your coverage, including any copayments, deductibles, or limitations.

  3. Medicare and Insurance Coverage for Palliative Care:

    • Palliative care services may be covered by Medicare, private insurance plans, and Medicaid, depending on the specific services provided and the patient's eligibility criteria.
    • Medicare and many private insurance plans cover palliative care services that are deemed medically necessary for the management of a serious illness or condition, including symptom management, pain relief, counseling, and support services.
    • Coverage for palliative care under Medicare and private insurance plans may vary depending on the specific services provided, the setting of care, and the patient's eligibility criteria.

  4. Eligibility and Authorization:

    • In both cases, eligibility for coverage of home hospice care and palliative care services typically requires certification by a healthcare provider that the patient meets specific criteria, such as having a terminal illness for hospice care or a serious illness for palliative care.
    • Authorization for coverage may also be required from Medicare or the insurance provider before receiving certain services or treatments.

It's essential to review your specific Medicare or insurance plan documents or contact your insurance provider directly to understand the details of your coverage for home hospice care and palliative care services, including any copayments, deductibles, limitations, and requirements for authorization or certification.

The duration of home hospice care varies depending on the patient's condition, prognosis, and eligibility for hospice services. In general, home hospice care is provided to patients with a terminal illness who have a life expectancy of six months or less, as certified by a physician.

However, hospice care is not limited to a specific time frame, and patients may continue to receive hospice services as long as they meet the eligibility criteria and continue to have a prognosis of six months or less. In some cases, patients may receive hospice care for a shorter period of time if their condition deteriorates rapidly, while others may receive hospice care for several months or even longer if their condition remains stable or improves temporarily.

Hospice care is designed to provide comfort and support to patients in the final stages of their illness, focusing on enhancing their quality of life and addressing their physical, emotional, and spiritual needs. The hospice team regularly assesses the patient's condition and adjusts the care plan as needed to ensure that the patient receives appropriate care and support throughout the end-of-life journey.

If a patient's condition improves or stabilizes to the point where they no longer meet the criteria for hospice care, they may be discharged from hospice services and receive other forms of medical care. Conversely, if a patient's condition declines further or if their prognosis changes, they may continue to receive hospice care for as long as they meet the eligibility criteria and choose to receive hospice services.

Ultimately, the duration of home hospice care depends on the individual patient's needs, preferences, and goals of care, as well as their prognosis and eligibility for hospice services. The hospice team works closely with the patient and their family to provide personalized, compassionate care throughout the end-of-life journey.
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